Observation of quantum entanglement in top-quark pairs using the ATLAS detector
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Publié: |
2023
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| _version_ | 1866913525787525120 |
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| author | ATLAS Collaboration |
| author_facet | ATLAS Collaboration |
| contents | Entanglement is a key feature of quantum mechanics, with applications in fields such as metrology, cryptography, quantum information, and quantum computation. It has been observed in a wide variety of systems and length scales, ranging from the microscopic to the macroscopic. However, entanglement remains largely unexplored at the highest accessible energy scales. Here we report the highest-energy observation of entanglement, in top$-$antitop quark events produced at the Large Hadron Collider, using a proton$-$proton collision dataset with a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$ recorded with the ATLAS experiment. Spin entanglement is detected from the measurement of a single observable $D$, inferred from the angle between the charged leptons in their parent top- and antitop-quark rest frames. The observable is measured in a narrow interval around the top$-$antitop quark production threshold, where the entanglement detection is expected to be significant. It is reported in a fiducial phase space defined with stable particles to minimize the uncertainties that stem from limitations of the Monte Carlo event generators and the parton shower model in modeling top-quark pair production. The entanglement marker is measured to be $D=-0.537 \pm 0.002~\text{(stat.)} \pm 0.019~\text{(syst.)}$ for $340 < m_{t\bar{t}} < 380$ GeV. The observed result is more than five standard deviations from a scenario without entanglement and constitutes the first observation of entanglement in a pair of quarks and the highest-energy observation of entanglement so far. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_07288 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Observation of quantum entanglement in top-quark pairs using the ATLAS detector ATLAS Collaboration High Energy Physics - Experiment Entanglement is a key feature of quantum mechanics, with applications in fields such as metrology, cryptography, quantum information, and quantum computation. It has been observed in a wide variety of systems and length scales, ranging from the microscopic to the macroscopic. However, entanglement remains largely unexplored at the highest accessible energy scales. Here we report the highest-energy observation of entanglement, in top$-$antitop quark events produced at the Large Hadron Collider, using a proton$-$proton collision dataset with a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$ recorded with the ATLAS experiment. Spin entanglement is detected from the measurement of a single observable $D$, inferred from the angle between the charged leptons in their parent top- and antitop-quark rest frames. The observable is measured in a narrow interval around the top$-$antitop quark production threshold, where the entanglement detection is expected to be significant. It is reported in a fiducial phase space defined with stable particles to minimize the uncertainties that stem from limitations of the Monte Carlo event generators and the parton shower model in modeling top-quark pair production. The entanglement marker is measured to be $D=-0.537 \pm 0.002~\text{(stat.)} \pm 0.019~\text{(syst.)}$ for $340 < m_{t\bar{t}} < 380$ GeV. The observed result is more than five standard deviations from a scenario without entanglement and constitutes the first observation of entanglement in a pair of quarks and the highest-energy observation of entanglement so far. |
| title | Observation of quantum entanglement in top-quark pairs using the ATLAS detector |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.07288 |