Adapting Large Language Models by Integrating Collaborative Semantics for Recommendation

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Zheng, Bowen, Hou, Yupeng, Lu, Hongyu, Chen, Yu, Zhao, Wayne Xin, Chen, Ming, Wen, Ji-Rong
Format: Preprint
Published: 2023
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author Zheng, Bowen
Hou, Yupeng
Lu, Hongyu
Chen, Yu
Zhao, Wayne Xin
Chen, Ming
Wen, Ji-Rong
author_facet Zheng, Bowen
Hou, Yupeng
Lu, Hongyu
Chen, Yu
Zhao, Wayne Xin
Chen, Ming
Wen, Ji-Rong
contents Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in recommender systems, either improving existing recommendation models or serving as the backbone. However, there exists a large semantic gap between LLMs and recommender systems, since items to be recommended are often indexed by discrete identifiers (item ID) out of the LLM's vocabulary. In essence, LLMs capture language semantics while recommender systems imply collaborative semantics, making it difficult to sufficiently leverage the model capacity of LLMs for recommendation. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose a new LLM-based recommendation model called LC-Rec, which can better integrate language and collaborative semantics for recommender systems. Our approach can directly generate items from the entire item set for recommendation, without relying on candidate items. Specifically, we make two major contributions in our approach. For item indexing, we design a learning-based vector quantization method with uniform semantic mapping, which can assign meaningful and non-conflicting IDs (called item indices) for items. For alignment tuning, we propose a series of specially designed tuning tasks to enhance the integration of collaborative semantics in LLMs. Our fine-tuning tasks enforce LLMs to deeply integrate language and collaborative semantics (characterized by the learned item indices), so as to achieve an effective adaptation to recommender systems. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, showing that our approach can outperform a number of competitive baselines including traditional recommenders and existing LLM-based recommenders. Our code is available at https://github.com/RUCAIBox/LC-Rec/.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_09049
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Adapting Large Language Models by Integrating Collaborative Semantics for Recommendation
Zheng, Bowen
Hou, Yupeng
Lu, Hongyu
Chen, Yu
Zhao, Wayne Xin
Chen, Ming
Wen, Ji-Rong
Information Retrieval
Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in recommender systems, either improving existing recommendation models or serving as the backbone. However, there exists a large semantic gap between LLMs and recommender systems, since items to be recommended are often indexed by discrete identifiers (item ID) out of the LLM's vocabulary. In essence, LLMs capture language semantics while recommender systems imply collaborative semantics, making it difficult to sufficiently leverage the model capacity of LLMs for recommendation. To address this challenge, in this paper, we propose a new LLM-based recommendation model called LC-Rec, which can better integrate language and collaborative semantics for recommender systems. Our approach can directly generate items from the entire item set for recommendation, without relying on candidate items. Specifically, we make two major contributions in our approach. For item indexing, we design a learning-based vector quantization method with uniform semantic mapping, which can assign meaningful and non-conflicting IDs (called item indices) for items. For alignment tuning, we propose a series of specially designed tuning tasks to enhance the integration of collaborative semantics in LLMs. Our fine-tuning tasks enforce LLMs to deeply integrate language and collaborative semantics (characterized by the learned item indices), so as to achieve an effective adaptation to recommender systems. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, showing that our approach can outperform a number of competitive baselines including traditional recommenders and existing LLM-based recommenders. Our code is available at https://github.com/RUCAIBox/LC-Rec/.
title Adapting Large Language Models by Integrating Collaborative Semantics for Recommendation
topic Information Retrieval
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.09049