Dimensional Crossover in a Quantum Gas of Light
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2023
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| _version_ | 1866909914535821312 |
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| author | Umesh, Kirankumar Karkihalli Schulz, Julian Schmitt, Julian Weitz, Martin von Freymann, Georg Vewinger, Frank |
| author_facet | Umesh, Kirankumar Karkihalli Schulz, Julian Schmitt, Julian Weitz, Martin von Freymann, Georg Vewinger, Frank |
| contents | The dimensionality of a system profoundly influences its physical behaviour, leading to the emergence of different states of matter in many-body quantum systems. In lower dimensions, fluctuations increase and lead to the suppression of long-range order. For example, in bosonic gases, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in one dimension requires stronger confinement than in two dimensions. We experimentally study the properties of a harmonically trapped photon gas undergoing Bose-Einstein condensation along the dimensional crossover from one to two dimensions. The photons are trapped in a dye microcavity where polymer nanostructures provide the trapping potential for the photon gas. By varying the aspect ratio of the harmonic trap, we tune from an isotropic two-dimensional confinement to an anisotropic, highly elongated one-dimensional trapping potential. Along this transition we determine the caloric properties of the photon gas and find a softening of the second-order Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition observed in two dimensions to a crossover behaviour in one dimension. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_10485 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Dimensional Crossover in a Quantum Gas of Light Umesh, Kirankumar Karkihalli Schulz, Julian Schmitt, Julian Weitz, Martin von Freymann, Georg Vewinger, Frank Quantum Gases Quantum Physics The dimensionality of a system profoundly influences its physical behaviour, leading to the emergence of different states of matter in many-body quantum systems. In lower dimensions, fluctuations increase and lead to the suppression of long-range order. For example, in bosonic gases, Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in one dimension requires stronger confinement than in two dimensions. We experimentally study the properties of a harmonically trapped photon gas undergoing Bose-Einstein condensation along the dimensional crossover from one to two dimensions. The photons are trapped in a dye microcavity where polymer nanostructures provide the trapping potential for the photon gas. By varying the aspect ratio of the harmonic trap, we tune from an isotropic two-dimensional confinement to an anisotropic, highly elongated one-dimensional trapping potential. Along this transition we determine the caloric properties of the photon gas and find a softening of the second-order Bose-Einstein condensation phase transition observed in two dimensions to a crossover behaviour in one dimension. |
| title | Dimensional Crossover in a Quantum Gas of Light |
| topic | Quantum Gases Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.10485 |