Driven-Dissipative Bose-Einstein Condensation and the Upper Critical Dimension
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2023
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| _version_ | 1866914693323423744 |
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| author | Zhang, Yikang Barthel, Thomas |
| author_facet | Zhang, Yikang Barthel, Thomas |
| contents | Driving and dissipation can stabilize Bose-Einstein condensates. Using Keldysh field theory, we analyze this phenomenon for Markovian systems that can comprise on-site two-particle driving, on-site single-particle and two-particle loss, as well as edge-correlated pumping. Above the upper critical dimension, mean-field theory shows that pumping and two-particle driving induce condensation right at the boundary between the stable and unstable regions of the non-interacting theory. With nonzero two-particle driving, the condensate is gapped. This picture is consistent with the recent observation that, without symmetry constraints beyond invariance under single-particle basis transformations, all gapped quadratic bosonic Liouvillians belong to the same phase. For systems below the upper critical dimension, the edge-correlated pumping penalizes high-momentum fluctuations, rendering the theory renormalizable. We perform the one-loop renormalization group analysis, finding a condensation transition inside the unstable region of the non-interacting theory. Interestingly, its critical behavior is determined by a Wilson-Fisher-like fixed point with universal correlation-length exponent $ν=0.6$ in three dimensions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_13561 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Driven-Dissipative Bose-Einstein Condensation and the Upper Critical Dimension Zhang, Yikang Barthel, Thomas Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics Quantum Physics Driving and dissipation can stabilize Bose-Einstein condensates. Using Keldysh field theory, we analyze this phenomenon for Markovian systems that can comprise on-site two-particle driving, on-site single-particle and two-particle loss, as well as edge-correlated pumping. Above the upper critical dimension, mean-field theory shows that pumping and two-particle driving induce condensation right at the boundary between the stable and unstable regions of the non-interacting theory. With nonzero two-particle driving, the condensate is gapped. This picture is consistent with the recent observation that, without symmetry constraints beyond invariance under single-particle basis transformations, all gapped quadratic bosonic Liouvillians belong to the same phase. For systems below the upper critical dimension, the edge-correlated pumping penalizes high-momentum fluctuations, rendering the theory renormalizable. We perform the one-loop renormalization group analysis, finding a condensation transition inside the unstable region of the non-interacting theory. Interestingly, its critical behavior is determined by a Wilson-Fisher-like fixed point with universal correlation-length exponent $ν=0.6$ in three dimensions. |
| title | Driven-Dissipative Bose-Einstein Condensation and the Upper Critical Dimension |
| topic | Quantum Gases Statistical Mechanics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.13561 |