Towards a measurement theory in QFT: "Impossible" quantum measurements are possible but not ideal

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Gisin, Nicolas, Del Santo, Flavio
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2023
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author Gisin, Nicolas
Del Santo, Flavio
author_facet Gisin, Nicolas
Del Santo, Flavio
contents Naive attempts to put together relativity and quantum measurements lead to signaling between space-like separated regions. In QFT, these are known as impossible measurements. We show that the same problem arises in non-relativistic quantum physics, where joint nonlocal measurements (i.e., between systems kept spatially separated) in general lead to signaling, while one would expect no-signaling (based for instance on the principle of no-nonphysical communication). This raises the question: Which nonlocal quantum measurements are physically possible? We review and develop further a non-relativistic quantum information approach developed independently of the impossible measurements in QFT, and show that these two have been addressing virtually the same problem. The non-relativistic solution shows that all nonlocal measurements are localizable (i.e., they can be carried out at a distance without violating no-signaling) but they (i) may require arbitrarily large entangled resources and (ii) cannot in general be ideal, i.e., are not immediately reproducible. These considerations could help guide the development of a complete theory of measurement in QFT.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_13644
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Towards a measurement theory in QFT: "Impossible" quantum measurements are possible but not ideal
Gisin, Nicolas
Del Santo, Flavio
Quantum Physics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
Naive attempts to put together relativity and quantum measurements lead to signaling between space-like separated regions. In QFT, these are known as impossible measurements. We show that the same problem arises in non-relativistic quantum physics, where joint nonlocal measurements (i.e., between systems kept spatially separated) in general lead to signaling, while one would expect no-signaling (based for instance on the principle of no-nonphysical communication). This raises the question: Which nonlocal quantum measurements are physically possible? We review and develop further a non-relativistic quantum information approach developed independently of the impossible measurements in QFT, and show that these two have been addressing virtually the same problem. The non-relativistic solution shows that all nonlocal measurements are localizable (i.e., they can be carried out at a distance without violating no-signaling) but they (i) may require arbitrarily large entangled resources and (ii) cannot in general be ideal, i.e., are not immediately reproducible. These considerations could help guide the development of a complete theory of measurement in QFT.
title Towards a measurement theory in QFT: "Impossible" quantum measurements are possible but not ideal
topic Quantum Physics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
High Energy Physics - Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.13644