Engineering Ratchet-Based Particle Separation via Shortcuts to Isothermality

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zhao, Xiu-Hua, Tu, Z. C., Ma, Yu-Han
Format: Preprint
Published: 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866909053011099648
author Zhao, Xiu-Hua
Tu, Z. C.
Ma, Yu-Han
author_facet Zhao, Xiu-Hua
Tu, Z. C.
Ma, Yu-Han
contents Microscopic particle separation plays vital role in various scientific and industrial domains. In this Letter, we propose a universal non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach, employing the concept of Shortcuts to Isothermality, to realize controllable separation of overdamped Brownian particles. By utilizing a designed ratchet potential with temporal period $τ$, we find in the slow-driving regime that the average particle velocity $\Bar{v}_s\propto\left(1-D/D^*\right)τ^{-1}$, indicating that particles with different diffusion coefficients $D$ can be guided to move in distinct directions with a preset $D^*$. Furthermore, we reveal that there exists an extra energetic cost with a lower bound $W_{\rm{ex}}^{(\rm{min})}\propto\mathcal{L}^{2}\Bar{v}_s$, alongside a quasi-static work consumption. Here, $\mathcal{L}$ is the thermodynamic length of the driving loop in the parametric space. We numerically validate our theoretical findings and illustrate the optimal separation protocol (associated with $W_{\rm{ex}}^{(\rm{min})}$) with a sawtooth potential. This study establishes a bridge between thermodynamic process engineering and particle separation, paving the way for further explorations of thermodynamic constrains and optimal control in ratchet-based particle separation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_16823
institution arXiv
publishDate 2023
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Engineering Ratchet-Based Particle Separation via Shortcuts to Isothermality
Zhao, Xiu-Hua
Tu, Z. C.
Ma, Yu-Han
Statistical Mechanics
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Applied Physics
Chemical Physics
Microscopic particle separation plays vital role in various scientific and industrial domains. In this Letter, we propose a universal non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach, employing the concept of Shortcuts to Isothermality, to realize controllable separation of overdamped Brownian particles. By utilizing a designed ratchet potential with temporal period $τ$, we find in the slow-driving regime that the average particle velocity $\Bar{v}_s\propto\left(1-D/D^*\right)τ^{-1}$, indicating that particles with different diffusion coefficients $D$ can be guided to move in distinct directions with a preset $D^*$. Furthermore, we reveal that there exists an extra energetic cost with a lower bound $W_{\rm{ex}}^{(\rm{min})}\propto\mathcal{L}^{2}\Bar{v}_s$, alongside a quasi-static work consumption. Here, $\mathcal{L}$ is the thermodynamic length of the driving loop in the parametric space. We numerically validate our theoretical findings and illustrate the optimal separation protocol (associated with $W_{\rm{ex}}^{(\rm{min})}$) with a sawtooth potential. This study establishes a bridge between thermodynamic process engineering and particle separation, paving the way for further explorations of thermodynamic constrains and optimal control in ratchet-based particle separation.
title Engineering Ratchet-Based Particle Separation via Shortcuts to Isothermality
topic Statistical Mechanics
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Applied Physics
Chemical Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16823