Structure in the speed of sound: from neutron stars to heavy-ion collisions
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Yao, Nanxi Sorensen, Agnieszka Dexheimer, Veronica Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn |
| author_facet | Yao, Nanxi Sorensen, Agnieszka Dexheimer, Veronica Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn |
| contents | From the observation of both heavy neutron stars and light ones with small radii, one anticipates a steep rise in the speed of sound of nuclear matter as a function of baryon density up to values close to the causal limit. A question follows whether such behavior of the speed of sound in neutron-rich matter is compatible with the equation of state extracted from low-energy heavy-ion collisions. In this work, we consider a family of neutron star equations of state characterized by a steep rise in the speed of sound, and use the symmetry energy expansion to obtain equations of state applicable to the almost-symmetric nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions. We then compare collective flow data from low-energy heavy-ion experiments with results of simulations obtained using the hadronic transport code SMASH with the mean-field potential reproducing the density-dependence of the speed of sound. We show that equations of state featuring a peak in the speed of sound squared occurring at densities between 2-3 times the saturation density of normal nuclear matter, producing neutron stars of nearly M_max~2.5 M_Sun, are consistent with heavy-ion collision data. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2311_18819 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Structure in the speed of sound: from neutron stars to heavy-ion collisions Yao, Nanxi Sorensen, Agnieszka Dexheimer, Veronica Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn Nuclear Theory High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics From the observation of both heavy neutron stars and light ones with small radii, one anticipates a steep rise in the speed of sound of nuclear matter as a function of baryon density up to values close to the causal limit. A question follows whether such behavior of the speed of sound in neutron-rich matter is compatible with the equation of state extracted from low-energy heavy-ion collisions. In this work, we consider a family of neutron star equations of state characterized by a steep rise in the speed of sound, and use the symmetry energy expansion to obtain equations of state applicable to the almost-symmetric nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions. We then compare collective flow data from low-energy heavy-ion experiments with results of simulations obtained using the hadronic transport code SMASH with the mean-field potential reproducing the density-dependence of the speed of sound. We show that equations of state featuring a peak in the speed of sound squared occurring at densities between 2-3 times the saturation density of normal nuclear matter, producing neutron stars of nearly M_max~2.5 M_Sun, are consistent with heavy-ion collision data. |
| title | Structure in the speed of sound: from neutron stars to heavy-ion collisions |
| topic | Nuclear Theory High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.18819 |