Dynamical friction in self-interacting ultralight dark matter
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2023
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| author | Glennon, Noah Musoke, Nathan Nadler, Ethan O. Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda Wechsler, Risa H. |
| author_facet | Glennon, Noah Musoke, Nathan Nadler, Ethan O. Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda Wechsler, Risa H. |
| contents | We explore how dynamical friction in an ultralight dark matter (ULDM) background is affected by dark matter self-interactions. We calculate the force of dynamical friction on a point mass moving through a uniform ULDM background with self-interactions, finding that the force of dynamical friction vanishes for sufficiently strong repulsive self-interactions. Using the pseudospectral solver $\texttt{UltraDark.jl}$, we show with simulations that reasonable values of the ULDM self-interaction strength and particle mass cause $\mathcal{O}(1)$ differences in the acceleration of an object like a supermassive black hole (SMBH) traveling near the center of a soliton, relative to the case with no self-interactions. For example, repulsive self-interactions with $λ= 10^{-90}$ yield a deceleration due to dynamical friction $\approx70\%$ smaller than a model with no self-interactions. We discuss the observational implications of our results for SMBHs near soliton centers and for massive satellite galaxies falling into ultralight axion halos and show that outcomes are dependent on whether a self-interaction is present or not. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2312_07684 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Dynamical friction in self-interacting ultralight dark matter Glennon, Noah Musoke, Nathan Nadler, Ethan O. Prescod-Weinstein, Chanda Wechsler, Risa H. Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 85A40 We explore how dynamical friction in an ultralight dark matter (ULDM) background is affected by dark matter self-interactions. We calculate the force of dynamical friction on a point mass moving through a uniform ULDM background with self-interactions, finding that the force of dynamical friction vanishes for sufficiently strong repulsive self-interactions. Using the pseudospectral solver $\texttt{UltraDark.jl}$, we show with simulations that reasonable values of the ULDM self-interaction strength and particle mass cause $\mathcal{O}(1)$ differences in the acceleration of an object like a supermassive black hole (SMBH) traveling near the center of a soliton, relative to the case with no self-interactions. For example, repulsive self-interactions with $λ= 10^{-90}$ yield a deceleration due to dynamical friction $\approx70\%$ smaller than a model with no self-interactions. We discuss the observational implications of our results for SMBHs near soliton centers and for massive satellite galaxies falling into ultralight axion halos and show that outcomes are dependent on whether a self-interaction is present or not. |
| title | Dynamical friction in self-interacting ultralight dark matter |
| topic | Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 85A40 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.07684 |