Gravitational waves from cosmic superstrings and gauge strings
Fuente:
arXiv
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2023
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1866913443243622400 |
|---|---|
| author | Marfatia, Danny Zhou, Ye-Ling |
| author_facet | Marfatia, Danny Zhou, Ye-Ling |
| contents | We perform a phenomenological comparison of the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum expected from cosmic gauge string networks and superstring networks comprised of multiple string types. We show how violations of scaling behavior and the evolution of the number of relativistic degrees of freedom in the early Universe affect the GW spectrum. We derive simple analytical expressions for the GW spectrum from superstrings and gauge strings that are valid for all frequencies relevant to pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) and laser interferometers. We analyze the latest data from PTAs and show that superstring networks are consistent with 32 nHz data from NANOGrav, but are excluded by 3.2 nHz data at $3σ$ unless the string coupling $g_s<0.2$ or the strings evolve in only about 10% of the volume of the higher-dimensional space. We also point out that while gauge string networks are excluded by NANOGrav-15 data at $3σ$, they are completely compatible with EPTA and PPTA data. Finally, we study correlations between GW signals at PTAs and laser interferometers. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2312_10455 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Gravitational waves from cosmic superstrings and gauge strings Marfatia, Danny Zhou, Ye-Ling High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Theory We perform a phenomenological comparison of the gravitational wave (GW) spectrum expected from cosmic gauge string networks and superstring networks comprised of multiple string types. We show how violations of scaling behavior and the evolution of the number of relativistic degrees of freedom in the early Universe affect the GW spectrum. We derive simple analytical expressions for the GW spectrum from superstrings and gauge strings that are valid for all frequencies relevant to pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) and laser interferometers. We analyze the latest data from PTAs and show that superstring networks are consistent with 32 nHz data from NANOGrav, but are excluded by 3.2 nHz data at $3σ$ unless the string coupling $g_s<0.2$ or the strings evolve in only about 10% of the volume of the higher-dimensional space. We also point out that while gauge string networks are excluded by NANOGrav-15 data at $3σ$, they are completely compatible with EPTA and PPTA data. Finally, we study correlations between GW signals at PTAs and laser interferometers. |
| title | Gravitational waves from cosmic superstrings and gauge strings |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Physics - Experiment High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.10455 |