Evidence for Intrinsic X-ray Weakness Among Red Quasars at Cosmic Noon
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2024
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| _version_ | 1866929454802010112 |
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| author | Ma, Yilun Goulding, Andy Greene, Jenny E. Zakamska, Nadia L. Wylezalek, Dominika Jiang, Yan-Fei |
| author_facet | Ma, Yilun Goulding, Andy Greene, Jenny E. Zakamska, Nadia L. Wylezalek, Dominika Jiang, Yan-Fei |
| contents | Quasar feedback is a key ingredient in shaping galaxy evolution. A rare population of extremely red quasars (ERQs) at $z=2-3$ are often associated with high-velocity [O III]$\lambda5008$ outflows and may represent sites of strong feedback. In this paper, we present an X-ray study of 50 ERQs to investigate the link between the X-ray and outflow properties of these intriguing objects. Using hardness ratio analysis, we confirm that the ERQs are heavily obscured systems with gas column density reaching $N_\mathrm{H}=10^{23-24}\,\mathrm{cm^{-2}}$. We identify 20 X-ray-non-detected ERQs at high mid-infrared luminosities of $νL_\mathrm{ν,6μm}\gtrsim3\times10^{46}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$. By stacking the X-ray observations, we find that the non-detected ERQs are on average underluminous in X-rays by a factor of $\sim10$ for their mid-infrared luminosities. We consider such X-ray weakness to be due to both heavy gas absorption and intrinsic factors. Moreover, we find that the X-ray-weak sources also display higher-velocity outflows. One option to explain this trend is that weaker X-rays facilitate more vigorous line-driven winds, which then accelerate the \oiii-emitting gas to kpc-scales. Alternatively, super-Eddington accretion could also lead to intrinsic X-ray weakness and more powerful continuum-driven outflow. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2401_04177 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Evidence for Intrinsic X-ray Weakness Among Red Quasars at Cosmic Noon Ma, Yilun Goulding, Andy Greene, Jenny E. Zakamska, Nadia L. Wylezalek, Dominika Jiang, Yan-Fei Astrophysics of Galaxies Quasar feedback is a key ingredient in shaping galaxy evolution. A rare population of extremely red quasars (ERQs) at $z=2-3$ are often associated with high-velocity [O III]$\lambda5008$ outflows and may represent sites of strong feedback. In this paper, we present an X-ray study of 50 ERQs to investigate the link between the X-ray and outflow properties of these intriguing objects. Using hardness ratio analysis, we confirm that the ERQs are heavily obscured systems with gas column density reaching $N_\mathrm{H}=10^{23-24}\,\mathrm{cm^{-2}}$. We identify 20 X-ray-non-detected ERQs at high mid-infrared luminosities of $νL_\mathrm{ν,6μm}\gtrsim3\times10^{46}\,\mathrm{erg\,s^{-1}}$. By stacking the X-ray observations, we find that the non-detected ERQs are on average underluminous in X-rays by a factor of $\sim10$ for their mid-infrared luminosities. We consider such X-ray weakness to be due to both heavy gas absorption and intrinsic factors. Moreover, we find that the X-ray-weak sources also display higher-velocity outflows. One option to explain this trend is that weaker X-rays facilitate more vigorous line-driven winds, which then accelerate the \oiii-emitting gas to kpc-scales. Alternatively, super-Eddington accretion could also lead to intrinsic X-ray weakness and more powerful continuum-driven outflow. |
| title | Evidence for Intrinsic X-ray Weakness Among Red Quasars at Cosmic Noon |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.04177 |