The ALMA-QUARKS survey: Detection of two extremely dense substructures in a massive prestellar core
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Mai, Xiaofeng Liu, Tie Liu, Xunchuan Zhu, Lei Garay, Guido Goldsmith, Paul F. Juvela, Mika Liu, Hongli Mannfors, Emma Mannfors, Emma Tej, Anandmayee Sanhueza, Patricio Li, Shanghuo Xu, Fengwei Semadeni, Enrique Vazquez Jiao, Wenyu Peng, Yaping Baug, T. Yang, Aiyuan Dewangan, Lokesh Bronfman, Leonardo Gómez, Gilberto C. Palau, Aina Lee, Chang Won Qin, Sheng-Li Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Chibueze, James O. Yang, Dongting Lu, Xing Luo, Qiuyi Gu, Qilao Issac, Namitha Zhang, Suinan Li, Pak-Shing Zhang, Bo Tóth, L. Viktor |
| author_facet | Mai, Xiaofeng Liu, Tie Liu, Xunchuan Zhu, Lei Garay, Guido Goldsmith, Paul F. Juvela, Mika Liu, Hongli Mannfors, Emma Mannfors, Emma Tej, Anandmayee Sanhueza, Patricio Li, Shanghuo Xu, Fengwei Semadeni, Enrique Vazquez Jiao, Wenyu Peng, Yaping Baug, T. Yang, Aiyuan Dewangan, Lokesh Bronfman, Leonardo Gómez, Gilberto C. Palau, Aina Lee, Chang Won Qin, Sheng-Li Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Chibueze, James O. Yang, Dongting Lu, Xing Luo, Qiuyi Gu, Qilao Issac, Namitha Zhang, Suinan Li, Pak-Shing Zhang, Bo Tóth, L. Viktor |
| contents | Only a handful of massive starless core candidates have been discovered so far, but none of them have been fully confirmed. Within the MM1 clump in the filamentary infrared dark cloud G34.43+0.24 that was covered by the ALMA-ATOMS survey at Band 3 ($\sim2\arcsec$, 6000\,au) and the ALMA-QUARKS survey at Band 6 ($\sim 0.3\arcsec$, 900\,au), two prestellar core candidates MM1-C and E1 with masses of 71 and 20 \solarmass~and radii of 2100--4400\,au were discovered. The two cores show no obvious sign of star-formation activities. In particular, MM1-C is a very promising massive prestellar core candidate with a total gas mass of 71\,\solarmass. Within MM1-C, we detected two extremely dense substructures, C1 and C2, as characterized by their high densities of $\rm n_{H_2}\sim 10^{8-9} cm^{-3}$. Moreover, evidence of further fragmentation in C2 was also revealed. We have detected the primordial fragmentation in the earliest stage of massive star formation, and we speculate that MM1-C would be the birthplace of a massive multiple system. However, we cannot fully rule out the possibility that the massive prestellar core MM1-C will just form a cluster of low-mass stars if it undergoes further fragmentation. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2401_04322 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The ALMA-QUARKS survey: Detection of two extremely dense substructures in a massive prestellar core Mai, Xiaofeng Liu, Tie Liu, Xunchuan Zhu, Lei Garay, Guido Goldsmith, Paul F. Juvela, Mika Liu, Hongli Mannfors, Emma Mannfors, Emma Tej, Anandmayee Sanhueza, Patricio Li, Shanghuo Xu, Fengwei Semadeni, Enrique Vazquez Jiao, Wenyu Peng, Yaping Baug, T. Yang, Aiyuan Dewangan, Lokesh Bronfman, Leonardo Gómez, Gilberto C. Palau, Aina Lee, Chang Won Qin, Sheng-Li Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Chibueze, James O. Yang, Dongting Lu, Xing Luo, Qiuyi Gu, Qilao Issac, Namitha Zhang, Suinan Li, Pak-Shing Zhang, Bo Tóth, L. Viktor Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Only a handful of massive starless core candidates have been discovered so far, but none of them have been fully confirmed. Within the MM1 clump in the filamentary infrared dark cloud G34.43+0.24 that was covered by the ALMA-ATOMS survey at Band 3 ($\sim2\arcsec$, 6000\,au) and the ALMA-QUARKS survey at Band 6 ($\sim 0.3\arcsec$, 900\,au), two prestellar core candidates MM1-C and E1 with masses of 71 and 20 \solarmass~and radii of 2100--4400\,au were discovered. The two cores show no obvious sign of star-formation activities. In particular, MM1-C is a very promising massive prestellar core candidate with a total gas mass of 71\,\solarmass. Within MM1-C, we detected two extremely dense substructures, C1 and C2, as characterized by their high densities of $\rm n_{H_2}\sim 10^{8-9} cm^{-3}$. Moreover, evidence of further fragmentation in C2 was also revealed. We have detected the primordial fragmentation in the earliest stage of massive star formation, and we speculate that MM1-C would be the birthplace of a massive multiple system. However, we cannot fully rule out the possibility that the massive prestellar core MM1-C will just form a cluster of low-mass stars if it undergoes further fragmentation. |
| title | The ALMA-QUARKS survey: Detection of two extremely dense substructures in a massive prestellar core |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.04322 |