Phases of theories with $\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry and the roles of center vortices and magnetic monopoles
Fuente:
arXiv
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2024
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1866914720808697856 |
|---|---|
| author | Nguyen, Mendel Sulejmanpasic, Tin Ünsal, Mithat |
| author_facet | Nguyen, Mendel Sulejmanpasic, Tin Ünsal, Mithat |
| contents | We analyze the phases of theories which only have a microscopic $\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry, starting with a topological BF theory and deforming it in accordance with microscopic symmetry. These theories have a well-defined notion of confinement. Prototypical examples are pure $SU(N)$ gauge theories and $\mathbb{Z}_N$ lattice gauge theories. Our analysis shows that the only generic phases are in $d=2$, only the confined phase; in $d=3$, both the confined phase and the topological BF phase; and in $d=4$, the confined phase, the topological BF phase, and a phase with a massless photon. We construct a $\mathbb{Z}_N$ lattice gauge theory with a deformation which, surprisingly, produces up to $(N-1)$ photons. We give an interpretation of these findings in terms of two competing pictures of confinement -- proliferation of monopoles and proliferation of center vortices -- and conclude that the proliferation of center vortices is a necessary but insufficient condition for confinement, while that of monopoles is both necessary and sufficient. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2401_04800 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Phases of theories with $\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry and the roles of center vortices and magnetic monopoles Nguyen, Mendel Sulejmanpasic, Tin Ünsal, Mithat High Energy Physics - Theory Strongly Correlated Electrons High Energy Physics - Lattice We analyze the phases of theories which only have a microscopic $\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry, starting with a topological BF theory and deforming it in accordance with microscopic symmetry. These theories have a well-defined notion of confinement. Prototypical examples are pure $SU(N)$ gauge theories and $\mathbb{Z}_N$ lattice gauge theories. Our analysis shows that the only generic phases are in $d=2$, only the confined phase; in $d=3$, both the confined phase and the topological BF phase; and in $d=4$, the confined phase, the topological BF phase, and a phase with a massless photon. We construct a $\mathbb{Z}_N$ lattice gauge theory with a deformation which, surprisingly, produces up to $(N-1)$ photons. We give an interpretation of these findings in terms of two competing pictures of confinement -- proliferation of monopoles and proliferation of center vortices -- and conclude that the proliferation of center vortices is a necessary but insufficient condition for confinement, while that of monopoles is both necessary and sufficient. |
| title | Phases of theories with $\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry and the roles of center vortices and magnetic monopoles |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Theory Strongly Correlated Electrons High Energy Physics - Lattice |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.04800 |