Integrate Any Omics: Towards genome-wide data integration for patient stratification

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Ma, Shihao, Zeng, Andy G. X., Haibe-Kains, Benjamin, Goldenberg, Anna, Dick, John E, Wang, Bo
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Ma, Shihao
Zeng, Andy G. X.
Haibe-Kains, Benjamin
Goldenberg, Anna
Dick, John E
Wang, Bo
author_facet Ma, Shihao
Zeng, Andy G. X.
Haibe-Kains, Benjamin
Goldenberg, Anna
Dick, John E
Wang, Bo
contents High-throughput omics profiling advancements have greatly enhanced cancer patient stratification. However, incomplete data in multi-omics integration presents a significant challenge, as traditional methods like sample exclusion or imputation often compromise biological diversity and dependencies. Furthermore, the critical task of accurately classifying new patients with partial omics data into existing subtypes is commonly overlooked. To address these issues, we introduce IntegrAO (Integrate Any Omics), an unsupervised framework for integrating incomplete multi-omics data and classifying new samples. IntegrAO first combines partially overlapping patient graphs from diverse omics sources and utilizes graph neural networks to produce unified patient embeddings. Our systematic evaluation across five cancer cohorts involving six omics modalities demonstrates IntegrAO's robustness to missing data and its accuracy in classifying new samples with partial profiles. An acute myeloid leukemia case study further validates its capability to uncover biological and clinical heterogeneity in incomplete datasets. IntegrAO's ability to handle heterogeneous and incomplete data makes it an essential tool for precision oncology, offering a holistic approach to patient characterization.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2401_07937
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Integrate Any Omics: Towards genome-wide data integration for patient stratification
Ma, Shihao
Zeng, Andy G. X.
Haibe-Kains, Benjamin
Goldenberg, Anna
Dick, John E
Wang, Bo
Genomics
Machine Learning
Quantitative Methods
High-throughput omics profiling advancements have greatly enhanced cancer patient stratification. However, incomplete data in multi-omics integration presents a significant challenge, as traditional methods like sample exclusion or imputation often compromise biological diversity and dependencies. Furthermore, the critical task of accurately classifying new patients with partial omics data into existing subtypes is commonly overlooked. To address these issues, we introduce IntegrAO (Integrate Any Omics), an unsupervised framework for integrating incomplete multi-omics data and classifying new samples. IntegrAO first combines partially overlapping patient graphs from diverse omics sources and utilizes graph neural networks to produce unified patient embeddings. Our systematic evaluation across five cancer cohorts involving six omics modalities demonstrates IntegrAO's robustness to missing data and its accuracy in classifying new samples with partial profiles. An acute myeloid leukemia case study further validates its capability to uncover biological and clinical heterogeneity in incomplete datasets. IntegrAO's ability to handle heterogeneous and incomplete data makes it an essential tool for precision oncology, offering a holistic approach to patient characterization.
title Integrate Any Omics: Towards genome-wide data integration for patient stratification
topic Genomics
Machine Learning
Quantitative Methods
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.07937