Rapid evolution of the recurrence time in the repeating partial tidal disruption event eRASSt J045650.3-203750
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2024
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| author | Liu, Zhu Ryu, Taeho Goodwin, A. J. Rau, A. Homan, D. Krumpe, M. Merloni, A. Grotova, I. Anderson, G. E. Malyali, A. Miller-Jones, J. C. A. |
| author_facet | Liu, Zhu Ryu, Taeho Goodwin, A. J. Rau, A. Homan, D. Krumpe, M. Merloni, A. Grotova, I. Anderson, G. E. Malyali, A. Miller-Jones, J. C. A. |
| contents | In this letter, we present the results from further X-ray and UV observations of the nuclear transient eRASSt J045650.3-203750 (hereafter J0456-20). We detected five repeating X-ray and UV flares from J0456-20, making it one of the most promising repeating partial tidal disruption event (pTDE) candidates. More importantly, we also found rapid changes in the recurrence time $T_\text{recur}$ of the X-ray flares by modelling the long-term X-ray light curve of J0456-20. $T_\text{recur}$ first decreased rapidly from about 300 days to around 230 days. It continued to decrease to around 190 days with an indication of a constant $T_\text{recur}$ evidenced from the latest three cycles. Our hydrodynamic simulations suggest that, in the repeating pTDE scenario, such rapid evolution of $T_\text{recur}$ could be reproduced if the original star is a $1~\mathrm{M}_\odot$ main-sequence star near the terminal age and loses nearly 80-90% of its mass during the initial encounter with a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of mass around $10^5~\mathrm{M}_\odot$. The inferred mass loss of 0.8-0.9 $\mathrm{M}_\odot$ is higher than the estimated value of around 0.13 $\mathrm{M}_\odot$ from observation, which could be explained if the radiation efficiency is low (i.e. $\ll0.1$). Our results indicate that repeating pTDEs could be effective tools to explore the dynamics around supermassive black holes beyond our own Galaxy. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2401_14091 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Rapid evolution of the recurrence time in the repeating partial tidal disruption event eRASSt J045650.3-203750 Liu, Zhu Ryu, Taeho Goodwin, A. J. Rau, A. Homan, D. Krumpe, M. Merloni, A. Grotova, I. Anderson, G. E. Malyali, A. Miller-Jones, J. C. A. High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena In this letter, we present the results from further X-ray and UV observations of the nuclear transient eRASSt J045650.3-203750 (hereafter J0456-20). We detected five repeating X-ray and UV flares from J0456-20, making it one of the most promising repeating partial tidal disruption event (pTDE) candidates. More importantly, we also found rapid changes in the recurrence time $T_\text{recur}$ of the X-ray flares by modelling the long-term X-ray light curve of J0456-20. $T_\text{recur}$ first decreased rapidly from about 300 days to around 230 days. It continued to decrease to around 190 days with an indication of a constant $T_\text{recur}$ evidenced from the latest three cycles. Our hydrodynamic simulations suggest that, in the repeating pTDE scenario, such rapid evolution of $T_\text{recur}$ could be reproduced if the original star is a $1~\mathrm{M}_\odot$ main-sequence star near the terminal age and loses nearly 80-90% of its mass during the initial encounter with a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of mass around $10^5~\mathrm{M}_\odot$. The inferred mass loss of 0.8-0.9 $\mathrm{M}_\odot$ is higher than the estimated value of around 0.13 $\mathrm{M}_\odot$ from observation, which could be explained if the radiation efficiency is low (i.e. $\ll0.1$). Our results indicate that repeating pTDEs could be effective tools to explore the dynamics around supermassive black holes beyond our own Galaxy. |
| title | Rapid evolution of the recurrence time in the repeating partial tidal disruption event eRASSt J045650.3-203750 |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.14091 |