Fast classical simulation of Harvard/QuEra IQP circuits
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866909093853134848 |
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| author | Maslov, Dmitri Bravyi, Sergey Tripier, Felix Maksymov, Andrii Latone, Joe |
| author_facet | Maslov, Dmitri Bravyi, Sergey Tripier, Felix Maksymov, Andrii Latone, Joe |
| contents | Establishing an advantage for (white-box) computations by a quantum computer against its classical counterpart is currently a key goal for the quantum computation community. A quantum advantage is achieved once a certain computational capability of a quantum computer is so complex that it can no longer be reproduced by classical means, and as such, the quantum advantage can be seen as a continued negotiation between classical simulations and quantum computational experiments.
A recent publication (Bluvstein et al., Nature 626:58-65, 2024) introduces a type of Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial-Time (IQP) computation complemented by a $48$-qubit (logical) experimental demonstration using quantum hardware. The authors state that the ``simulation of such logical circuits is challenging'' and project the simulation time to grow rapidly with the number of CNOT layers added, see Figure 5d/bottom therein. However, we report a classical simulation algorithm that takes only $0.00257947$ seconds to compute an amplitude for the $48$-qubit computation, which is roughly $10^3$ times faster than that reported by the original authors. Our algorithm is furthermore not subject to a significant decline in performance due to the additional CNOT layers. We simulated these types of IQP computations for up to $96$ qubits, taking an average of $4.16629$ seconds to compute a single amplitude, and estimated that a $192$-qubit simulation should be tractable for computations relying on Tensor Processing Units. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2402_03211 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Fast classical simulation of Harvard/QuEra IQP circuits Maslov, Dmitri Bravyi, Sergey Tripier, Felix Maksymov, Andrii Latone, Joe Quantum Physics Emerging Technologies Establishing an advantage for (white-box) computations by a quantum computer against its classical counterpart is currently a key goal for the quantum computation community. A quantum advantage is achieved once a certain computational capability of a quantum computer is so complex that it can no longer be reproduced by classical means, and as such, the quantum advantage can be seen as a continued negotiation between classical simulations and quantum computational experiments. A recent publication (Bluvstein et al., Nature 626:58-65, 2024) introduces a type of Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial-Time (IQP) computation complemented by a $48$-qubit (logical) experimental demonstration using quantum hardware. The authors state that the ``simulation of such logical circuits is challenging'' and project the simulation time to grow rapidly with the number of CNOT layers added, see Figure 5d/bottom therein. However, we report a classical simulation algorithm that takes only $0.00257947$ seconds to compute an amplitude for the $48$-qubit computation, which is roughly $10^3$ times faster than that reported by the original authors. Our algorithm is furthermore not subject to a significant decline in performance due to the additional CNOT layers. We simulated these types of IQP computations for up to $96$ qubits, taking an average of $4.16629$ seconds to compute a single amplitude, and estimated that a $192$-qubit simulation should be tractable for computations relying on Tensor Processing Units. |
| title | Fast classical simulation of Harvard/QuEra IQP circuits |
| topic | Quantum Physics Emerging Technologies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.03211 |