Symbolic Computation of Sequential Equilibria

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Graf, Moritz, Engesser, Thorsten, Nebel, Bernhard
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2024
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author Graf, Moritz
Engesser, Thorsten
Nebel, Bernhard
author_facet Graf, Moritz
Engesser, Thorsten
Nebel, Bernhard
contents The sequential equilibrium is a standard solution concept for extensive-form games with imperfect information that includes an explicit representation of the players' beliefs. An assessment consisting of a strategy and a belief is a sequential equilibrium if it satisfies the properties of sequential rationality and consistency. Our main result is that both properties together can be written as a single finite system of polynomial equations and inequalities. The solutions to this system are exactly the sequential equilibria of the game. We construct this system explicitly and describe an implementation that solves it using cylindrical algebraic decomposition. To write consistency as a finite system of equations, we need to compute the extreme directions of a set of polyhedral cones. We propose a modified version of the double description method, optimized for this specific purpose. To the best of our knowledge, our implementation is the first to symbolically solve general finite imperfect information games for sequential equilibria.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2402_04452
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Symbolic Computation of Sequential Equilibria
Graf, Moritz
Engesser, Thorsten
Nebel, Bernhard
Computer Science and Game Theory
The sequential equilibrium is a standard solution concept for extensive-form games with imperfect information that includes an explicit representation of the players' beliefs. An assessment consisting of a strategy and a belief is a sequential equilibrium if it satisfies the properties of sequential rationality and consistency. Our main result is that both properties together can be written as a single finite system of polynomial equations and inequalities. The solutions to this system are exactly the sequential equilibria of the game. We construct this system explicitly and describe an implementation that solves it using cylindrical algebraic decomposition. To write consistency as a finite system of equations, we need to compute the extreme directions of a set of polyhedral cones. We propose a modified version of the double description method, optimized for this specific purpose. To the best of our knowledge, our implementation is the first to symbolically solve general finite imperfect information games for sequential equilibria.
title Symbolic Computation of Sequential Equilibria
topic Computer Science and Game Theory
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.04452