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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Gerber, Michael A., Schroeter, Ronald, Johnson, Daniel, Janssen, Christian P., Rakotonirainy, Andry, Kuo, Jonny, Lenne, Mike G.
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.17751
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Table of Contents:
  • This paper reports results from a high-fidelity driving simulator study (N=215) about a head-up display (HUD) that conveys a conditional automated vehicle's dynamic "uncertainty" about the current situation while fallback drivers watch entertaining videos. We compared (between-group) three design interventions: display (a bar visualisation of uncertainty close to the video), interruption (interrupting the video during uncertain situations), and combination (a combination of both), against a baseline (video-only). We visualised eye-tracking data to conduct a heatmap analysis of the four groups' gaze behaviour over time. We found interruptions initiated a phase during which participants interleaved their attention between monitoring and entertainment. This improved monitoring behaviour was more pronounced in combination compared to interruption, suggesting pre-warning interruptions have positive effects. The same addition had negative effects without interruptions (comparing baseline & display). Intermittent interruptions may have safety benefits over placing additional peripheral displays without compromising usability.