An Improved Traditional Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Model

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Hauptverfasser: Tam, Zhi-Rui, Pai, Ya-Ting, Lee, Yen-Wei, Chen, Jun-Da, Chu, Wei-Min, Cheng, Sega, Shuai, Hong-Han
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2024
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author Tam, Zhi-Rui
Pai, Ya-Ting
Lee, Yen-Wei
Chen, Jun-Da
Chu, Wei-Min
Cheng, Sega
Shuai, Hong-Han
author_facet Tam, Zhi-Rui
Pai, Ya-Ting
Lee, Yen-Wei
Chen, Jun-Da
Chu, Wei-Min
Cheng, Sega
Shuai, Hong-Han
contents We present TMMLU+, a new benchmark designed for Traditional Chinese language understanding. TMMLU+ is a multi-choice question-answering dataset with 66 subjects from elementary to professional level. It is six times larger and boasts a more balanced subject distribution than its predecessor, Taiwan Massive Multitask Language Understanding (TMMLU). We also benchmark closed-source models and 26 open-weight Chinese large language models (LLMs) of parameters ranging from 1.8B to 72B on the proposed TMMLU+. Our findings reveal that (1.) Traditional Chinese models still trail behind their Simplified Chinese counterparts, highlighting a need for more focused advancements in LLMs catering to Traditional Chinese. (2.) Current LLMs still fall short of human performance in average scores, indicating a potential need for future research to delve deeper into social science and humanities subjects. (3.) Among all the tokenization compression metrics examined, we identify that only the fertility score uniquely demonstrates strong correlations with our benchmark results. We foresee that TMMLU+ will pinpoint areas for future model improvement, thereby narrowing the gap between machine and human linguistic capabilities and supporting researchers in developing Traditional Chinese LLMs. Our dataset, along with the benchmark source code, is accessible at huggingface.co/datasets/ikala/tmmluplus.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_01858
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle An Improved Traditional Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Model
Tam, Zhi-Rui
Pai, Ya-Ting
Lee, Yen-Wei
Chen, Jun-Da
Chu, Wei-Min
Cheng, Sega
Shuai, Hong-Han
Computation and Language
We present TMMLU+, a new benchmark designed for Traditional Chinese language understanding. TMMLU+ is a multi-choice question-answering dataset with 66 subjects from elementary to professional level. It is six times larger and boasts a more balanced subject distribution than its predecessor, Taiwan Massive Multitask Language Understanding (TMMLU). We also benchmark closed-source models and 26 open-weight Chinese large language models (LLMs) of parameters ranging from 1.8B to 72B on the proposed TMMLU+. Our findings reveal that (1.) Traditional Chinese models still trail behind their Simplified Chinese counterparts, highlighting a need for more focused advancements in LLMs catering to Traditional Chinese. (2.) Current LLMs still fall short of human performance in average scores, indicating a potential need for future research to delve deeper into social science and humanities subjects. (3.) Among all the tokenization compression metrics examined, we identify that only the fertility score uniquely demonstrates strong correlations with our benchmark results. We foresee that TMMLU+ will pinpoint areas for future model improvement, thereby narrowing the gap between machine and human linguistic capabilities and supporting researchers in developing Traditional Chinese LLMs. Our dataset, along with the benchmark source code, is accessible at huggingface.co/datasets/ikala/tmmluplus.
title An Improved Traditional Chinese Evaluation Suite for Foundation Model
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.01858