SN 2023zaw: an ultra-stripped, nickel-poor supernova from a low-mass progenitor
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2024
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| author | Das, Kaustav K. Fremling, Christoffer Kasliwal, Mansi M. Schulze, Steve Sollerman, Jesper Karambelkar, Viraj Rose, Sam Anand, Shreya Andreoni, Igor Aubert, Marie Brennan, Sean J. Cenko, S. Bradley Coughlin, Michael W. O'Connor, B. De, Kishalay Fuller, Jim Graham, Matthew Hammerstein, Erica Haynie, Annastasia Hinds, K-Ryan Kleiser, Io Kulkarni, S. R. Lin, Zeren Liu, Chang Mahabal, Ashish A. Martin, Christopher Miller, Adam A. Neill, James D. Perley, Daniel A. Pessi, Priscila J. Prusinski, Nikolaus Z. Purdum, Josiah Ravi, Vikram Rusholme, Ben Wu, Samantha Wold, Avery Yan, Lin |
| author_facet | Das, Kaustav K. Fremling, Christoffer Kasliwal, Mansi M. Schulze, Steve Sollerman, Jesper Karambelkar, Viraj Rose, Sam Anand, Shreya Andreoni, Igor Aubert, Marie Brennan, Sean J. Cenko, S. Bradley Coughlin, Michael W. O'Connor, B. De, Kishalay Fuller, Jim Graham, Matthew Hammerstein, Erica Haynie, Annastasia Hinds, K-Ryan Kleiser, Io Kulkarni, S. R. Lin, Zeren Liu, Chang Mahabal, Ashish A. Martin, Christopher Miller, Adam A. Neill, James D. Perley, Daniel A. Pessi, Priscila J. Prusinski, Nikolaus Z. Purdum, Josiah Ravi, Vikram Rusholme, Ben Wu, Samantha Wold, Avery Yan, Lin |
| contents | We present SN 2023zaw $-$ a sub-luminous ($\mathrm{M_r} = -16.7$ mag) and rapidly-evolving supernova ($\mathrm{t_{1/2,r}} = 4.9$ days), with the lowest nickel mass ($\approx0.002$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) measured among all stripped-envelope supernovae discovered to date. The photospheric spectra are dominated by broad He I and Ca NIR emission lines with velocities of $\sim10\ 000 - 12\ 000$ $\mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$. The late-time spectra show prominent narrow He I emission lines at $\sim$1000$\ \mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$, indicative of interaction with He-rich circumstellar material. SN 2023zaw is located in the spiral arm of a star-forming galaxy. We perform radiation-hydrodynamical and analytical modeling of the lightcurve by fitting with a combination of shock-cooling emission and nickel decay. The progenitor has a best-fit envelope mass of $\approx0.2$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$ and an envelope radius of $\approx50$ $\mathrm{R_\odot}$. The extremely low nickel mass and low ejecta mass ($\approx0.5$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) suggest an ultra-stripped SN, which originates from a mass-losing low mass He-star (ZAMS mass $<$ 10 $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) in a close binary system. This is a channel to form double neutron star systems, whose merger is detectable with LIGO. SN 2023zaw underscores the existence of a previously undiscovered population of extremely low nickel mass ($< 0.005$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) stripped-envelope supernovae, which can be explored with deep and high-cadence transient surveys. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_08165 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | SN 2023zaw: an ultra-stripped, nickel-poor supernova from a low-mass progenitor Das, Kaustav K. Fremling, Christoffer Kasliwal, Mansi M. Schulze, Steve Sollerman, Jesper Karambelkar, Viraj Rose, Sam Anand, Shreya Andreoni, Igor Aubert, Marie Brennan, Sean J. Cenko, S. Bradley Coughlin, Michael W. O'Connor, B. De, Kishalay Fuller, Jim Graham, Matthew Hammerstein, Erica Haynie, Annastasia Hinds, K-Ryan Kleiser, Io Kulkarni, S. R. Lin, Zeren Liu, Chang Mahabal, Ashish A. Martin, Christopher Miller, Adam A. Neill, James D. Perley, Daniel A. Pessi, Priscila J. Prusinski, Nikolaus Z. Purdum, Josiah Ravi, Vikram Rusholme, Ben Wu, Samantha Wold, Avery Yan, Lin High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics We present SN 2023zaw $-$ a sub-luminous ($\mathrm{M_r} = -16.7$ mag) and rapidly-evolving supernova ($\mathrm{t_{1/2,r}} = 4.9$ days), with the lowest nickel mass ($\approx0.002$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) measured among all stripped-envelope supernovae discovered to date. The photospheric spectra are dominated by broad He I and Ca NIR emission lines with velocities of $\sim10\ 000 - 12\ 000$ $\mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$. The late-time spectra show prominent narrow He I emission lines at $\sim$1000$\ \mathrm{km\ s^{-1}}$, indicative of interaction with He-rich circumstellar material. SN 2023zaw is located in the spiral arm of a star-forming galaxy. We perform radiation-hydrodynamical and analytical modeling of the lightcurve by fitting with a combination of shock-cooling emission and nickel decay. The progenitor has a best-fit envelope mass of $\approx0.2$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$ and an envelope radius of $\approx50$ $\mathrm{R_\odot}$. The extremely low nickel mass and low ejecta mass ($\approx0.5$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) suggest an ultra-stripped SN, which originates from a mass-losing low mass He-star (ZAMS mass $<$ 10 $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) in a close binary system. This is a channel to form double neutron star systems, whose merger is detectable with LIGO. SN 2023zaw underscores the existence of a previously undiscovered population of extremely low nickel mass ($< 0.005$ $\mathrm{M_\odot}$) stripped-envelope supernovae, which can be explored with deep and high-cadence transient surveys. |
| title | SN 2023zaw: an ultra-stripped, nickel-poor supernova from a low-mass progenitor |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.08165 |