Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser: Kedia, Akhil, Zaidi, Mohd Abbas, Khyalia, Sushil, Jung, Jungho, Goka, Harshith, Lee, Haejun
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2024
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.09635
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
_version_ 1866911960142970880
author Kedia, Akhil
Zaidi, Mohd Abbas
Khyalia, Sushil
Jung, Jungho
Goka, Harshith
Lee, Haejun
author_facet Kedia, Akhil
Zaidi, Mohd Abbas
Khyalia, Sushil
Jung, Jungho
Goka, Harshith
Lee, Haejun
contents In spite of their huge success, transformer models remain difficult to scale in depth. In this work, we develop a unified signal propagation theory and provide formulae that govern the moments of the forward and backward signal through the transformer model. Our framework can be used to understand and mitigate vanishing/exploding gradients, rank collapse, and instability associated with high attention scores. We also propose DeepScaleLM, an initialization and scaling scheme that conserves unit output/gradient moments throughout the model, enabling the training of very deep models with 1000 layers. We find that transformer models could be much deeper - our deep models with fewer parameters outperform shallow models in Language Modeling, Speech Translation, and Image Classification, across encoder-only, decoder-only and encoder-decoder variants, for both Pre-LN and Post-LN transformers, for multiple datasets and model sizes. These improvements also translate into improved performance on downstream Question Answering tasks and improved robustness for Image Classification.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_09635
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Transformers Get Stable: An End-to-End Signal Propagation Theory for Language Models
Kedia, Akhil
Zaidi, Mohd Abbas
Khyalia, Sushil
Jung, Jungho
Goka, Harshith
Lee, Haejun
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Machine Learning
I.2.7; I.2.10
In spite of their huge success, transformer models remain difficult to scale in depth. In this work, we develop a unified signal propagation theory and provide formulae that govern the moments of the forward and backward signal through the transformer model. Our framework can be used to understand and mitigate vanishing/exploding gradients, rank collapse, and instability associated with high attention scores. We also propose DeepScaleLM, an initialization and scaling scheme that conserves unit output/gradient moments throughout the model, enabling the training of very deep models with 1000 layers. We find that transformer models could be much deeper - our deep models with fewer parameters outperform shallow models in Language Modeling, Speech Translation, and Image Classification, across encoder-only, decoder-only and encoder-decoder variants, for both Pre-LN and Post-LN transformers, for multiple datasets and model sizes. These improvements also translate into improved performance on downstream Question Answering tasks and improved robustness for Image Classification.
title Transformers Get Stable: An End-to-End Signal Propagation Theory for Language Models
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Machine Learning
I.2.7; I.2.10
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.09635