Investigating the performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation and fine-tuning for the development of AI-driven knowledge-based systems

Fuente: arXiv

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Lakatos, Robert, Pollner, Peter, Hajdu, Andras, Joo, Tamas
Format:	Preprint
Published:	2024
Subjects:	Computation and Language Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning
Online Access:	Acceder al recurso
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Error-Driven Prompt Optimization for Arithmetic Reasoning
by: Pándy, Árpád, et al.
Published: (2025)

A Cloud-based Machine Learning Pipeline for the Efficient Extraction of Insights from Customer Reviews
by: Lakatos, Robert, et al.
Published: (2023)

Retention analysis of edited knowledge after fine-tuning
by: Wen, Fufang, et al.
Published: (2025)

Model Internals-based Answer Attribution for Trustworthy Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Qi, Jirui, et al.
Published: (2024)

Rethinking harmless refusals when fine-tuning foundation models
by: Pop, Florin, et al.
Published: (2024)

Investigating Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Quranic Studies: A Study of 13 Open-Source Large Language Models
by: Khalila, Zahra, et al.
Published: (2025)

Multiple Abstraction Level Retrieve Augment Generation
by: Zheng, Zheng, et al.
Published: (2025)

Learning Retrieval Augmentation for Personalized Dialogue Generation
by: Huang, Qiushi, et al.
Published: (2024)

Enhancing Frame Detection with Retrieval Augmented Generation
by: Diallo, Papa Abdou Karim Karou, et al.
Published: (2025)

Uncertainty quantification in fine-tuned LLMs using LoRA ensembles
by: Balabanov, Oleksandr, et al.
Published: (2024)

Superposition Prompting: Improving and Accelerating Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Merth, Thomas, et al.
Published: (2024)

Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Time Series Analysis
by: Ravuru, Chidaksh, et al.
Published: (2024)

Disco-RAG: Discourse-Aware Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Liu, Dongqi, et al.
Published: (2026)

SynthesizRR: Generating Diverse Datasets with Retrieval Augmentation
by: Divekar, Abhishek, et al.
Published: (2024)

Improving embedding with contrastive fine-tuning on small datasets with expert-augmented scores
by: Lu, Jun, et al.
Published: (2024)

A Comparison of Independent and Joint Fine-tuning Strategies for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Lawton, Neal Gregory, et al.
Published: (2025)

Less is More: Denoising Knowledge Graphs For Retrieval Augmented Generation
by: Zheng, Yilun, et al.
Published: (2025)

Mix-of-Granularity: Optimize the Chunking Granularity for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Zhong, Zijie, et al.
Published: (2024)

An Analysis of Hyper-Parameter Optimization Methods for Retrieval Augmented Generation
by: Orbach, Matan, et al.
Published: (2025)

RAG Foundry: A Framework for Enhancing LLMs for Retrieval Augmented Generation
by: Fleischer, Daniel, et al.
Published: (2024)

Say Less, Mean More: Leveraging Pragmatics in Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Riaz, Haris, et al.
Published: (2025)

Pointwise Mutual Information as a Performance Gauge for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Liu, Tianyu, et al.
Published: (2024)

Optimizing Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Analysis of Hyperparameter Impact on Performance and Efficiency
by: Ammar, Adel, et al.
Published: (2025)

Towards Mixed-Modal Retrieval for Universal Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Zhang, Chenghao, et al.
Published: (2025)

Lower-dimensional projections of cellular expression improves cell type classification from single-cell RNA sequencing
by: Umar, Muhammad, et al.
Published: (2024)

Zero-knowledge LLM hallucination detection and mitigation through fine-grained cross-model consistency
by: Goel, Aman, et al.
Published: (2025)

HiPRAG: Hierarchical Process Rewards for Efficient Agentic Retrieval Augmented Generation
by: Wu, Peilin, et al.
Published: (2025)

Personalizing Large Language Models using Retrieval Augmented Generation and Knowledge Graph
by: Prahlad, Deeksha, et al.
Published: (2025)

Graph of Records: Boosting Retrieval Augmented Generation for Long-context Summarization with Graphs
by: Zhang, Haozhen, et al.
Published: (2024)

Understand What LLM Needs: Dual Preference Alignment for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Dong, Guanting, et al.
Published: (2024)

Retrieval-Augmented Data Augmentation for Low-Resource Domain Tasks
by: Seo, Minju, et al.
Published: (2024)

CoRAG: Collaborative Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Muhamed, Aashiq, et al.
Published: (2025)

Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems for Intellectual Property via Synthetic Multi-Angle Fine-tuning
by: Ren, Runtao, et al.
Published: (2025)

Enhancing Domain-Specific Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Synthetic Data Generation and Evaluation using Reasoning Models
by: Jadon, Aryan, et al.
Published: (2025)

DynaGRAG | Exploring the Topology of Information for Advancing Language Understanding and Generation in Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Thakrar, Karishma
Published: (2024)

Toward General Instruction-Following Alignment for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Dong, Guanting, et al.
Published: (2024)

Minor SFT loss for LLM fine-tune to increase performance and reduce model deviation
by: Xie, Shiming, et al.
Published: (2024)

ZhiFangDanTai: Fine-tuning Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation Model for Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula
by: Zhang, ZiXuan, et al.
Published: (2025)

EMERGE: Enhancing Multimodal Electronic Health Records Predictive Modeling with Retrieval-Augmented Generation
by: Zhu, Yinghao, et al.
Published: (2024)

if (filemtime($filename) + $maxlifetime < time()) { unlink($filename); $count++; } } return $count; } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool { $sessFile = $this->path . '/sess_' . $sessId; if ($handle = fopen($sessFile, 'w')) { $return = false; // Lock the file for exclusive access to avoid issues with multiple // processes writing session simultaneously: if (flock($handle, LOCK_EX)) { $return = fwrite($handle, $data); // Make sure that there's no trailing data by truncating the file to // the correct length: ftruncate($handle, strlen($data)); fflush($handle); flock($handle, LOCK_UN); } fclose($handle); if ($return !== false) { return true; } } // If we got this far, something went wrong with the file output... // It is tempting to throw an exception here, but this code is called // outside of the context of exception handling, so all we can do is // echo a message.

// Anecdotal testing Today and Yesterday seems to indicate destroy() // is called by the garbage collector and everything is good. // Something to keep in mind though. return 0; } /** * Write function that is called when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ public function write($sessId, $data): bool { if ($this->writesDisabled) { return true; } return $this->saveSession($sessId, $data); } /** * A function that is called internally when session data is to be saved. * * @param string $sessId The current session ID * @param string $data The session data to write * * @return bool */ abstract protected function saveSession($sessId, $data): bool; }

* * @return void */ public function writeClose() { // The assumption is that we're using PHP's ext/session. // session_write_close() will actually overwrite $_SESSION with an // empty array on completion -- which leads to a mismatch between what // is in the storage object and $_SESSION. To get around this, we // temporarily reset $_SESSION to an array, and then re-link it to // the storage object. // // Additionally, while you _can_ write to $_SESSION following a // session_write_close() operation, no changes made to it will be // flushed to the session handler. As such, we now mark the storage // object isImmutable. $storage = $this->getStorage(); if (! $storage->isImmutable()) { $_SESSION = $storage->toArray(true); session_write_close(); $storage->fromArray($_SESSION); $storage->markImmutable(); } } /** * Attempt to set the session name * * If the session has already been started, or if the name provided fails * validation, an exception will be raised. * * @param string $name * @return SessionManager * @throws Exception\InvalidArgumentException */ public function setName($name) { if ($this->sessionExists()) { throw new Exception\InvalidArgumentException( 'Cannot set session name after a session has already started'

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
language	"en"
ui	"standard"
VUFIND_SESSION	"7c284412037acf24bcc1a93384fc75c9"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1791305631.2004 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "7c284412037acf24bcc1a93384fc75c9" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1433}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1759}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"language=en; ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=7c284412037acf24bcc1a93384fc75c9"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.216.28"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"36877"
REDIRECT_URL	""" /Record/\n arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_09727/Similar """
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/%0Aarxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_09727/Similar"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1791305631.1958
REQUEST_TIME	1791305631

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Environment & details:

GET Data empty

POST Data empty

Files empty

Key	Value
language	"en"
ui	"standard"
VUFIND_SESSION	"7c284412037acf24bcc1a93384fc75c9"

Session

Key	Value
__Laminas	array:2 [`"_REQUEST_ACCESS_TIME" => 1791305631.2004 "_VALID" => array:1 [ "Laminas\Session\Validator\Id" => "7c284412037acf24bcc1a93384fc75c9" ]`]
SessionState	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#938}
FlashMessenger	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1433}
SessionHelper	Laminas\Stdlib\ArrayObject {#1759}

Server/Request Data

Key	Value
REDIRECT_VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
REDIRECT_HTTPS	"on"
REDIRECT_SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
REDIRECT_STATUS	"200"
VUFIND_LOCAL_DIR	"/usr/local/vufind/local"
HTTPS	"on"
SSL_TLS_SNI	"info.umar.mx"
HTTP_ACCEPT	"/"
HTTP_USER_AGENT	"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)"
HTTP_COOKIE	"language=en; ui=standard; VUFIND_SESSION=7c284412037acf24bcc1a93384fc75c9"
HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING	"gzip, br, zstd, deflate"
HTTP_HOST	"info.umar.mx"
PATH	"/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/snap/bin"
SERVER_SIGNATURE	"<address>Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu) Server at info.umar.mx Port 443</address>\n"
SERVER_SOFTWARE	"Apache/2.4.66 (Ubuntu)"
SERVER_NAME	"info.umar.mx"
SERVER_ADDR	"200.23.222.19"
SERVER_PORT	"443"
REMOTE_ADDR	"216.73.216.28"
DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
REQUEST_SCHEME	"https"
CONTEXT_PREFIX	""
CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT	"/usr/local/vufind/public"
SERVER_ADMIN	"admin@localhost"
SCRIPT_FILENAME	"/usr/local/vufind/public/index.php"
REMOTE_PORT	"36877"
REDIRECT_URL	""" /Record/\n arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_09727/Similar """
GATEWAY_INTERFACE	"CGI/1.1"
SERVER_PROTOCOL	"HTTP/1.1"
REQUEST_METHOD	"GET"
QUERY_STRING	""
REQUEST_URI	"/Record/%0Aarxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_09727/Similar"
SCRIPT_NAME	"/index.php"
PHP_SELF	"/index.php"
REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT	1791305631.1958
REQUEST_TIME	1791305631

Environment Variables empty

Registered Handlers

0. Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler

Similar Items

Similar Items

Environment & details:

Environment & details: