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Combining Gaia and GRAVITY: Characterising five new Directly Detected Substellar Companions

Fuente: arXiv

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Winterhalder, T. O., Lacour, S., Mérand, A., Maire, A. -L., Kammerer, J., Stolker, T., Pourré, N., Babusiaux, C., Abuter, R., Amorim, A., Asensio-Torres, R., Balmer, W. O., Benisty, M., Berger, J. -P., Beust, H., Blunt, S., Boccaletti, A., Bonnefoy, M., Bonnet, H., Bordoni, M. S., Bourdarot, G., Brandner, W., Cantalloube, F., Caselli, P., Charnay, B., Chauvin, G., Chavez, A., Choquet, E., Christiaens, V., Clénet, Y., Foresto, V. Coudé du, Cridland, A., Davies, R., Dembet, R., Dexter, J., Drescher, A., Duvert, G., Eckart, A., Eisenhauer, F., Schreiber, N. M. Förster, Garcia, P., Lopez, R. Garcia, Gardner, T., Gendron, E., Genzel, R., Gillessen, S., Girard, J. H., Grant, S., Haubois, X., Heißel, G., Henning, Th., Hinkley, S., Hippler, S., Houllé, M., Hubert, Z., Jocou, L., Keppler, M., Kervella, P., Kreidberg, L., Kurtovic, N. T., Lagrange, A. -M., Lapeyrère, V., Bouquin, J. -B. Le, Lutz, D., Mang, F., Marleau, G. -D., Mollière, P., Monnier, J. D., Mordasini, C., Mouillet, D., Nasedkin, E., Nowak, M., Ott, T., Otten, G. P. P. L., Paladini, C., Paumard, T., Perraut, K., Perrin, G., Pfuhl, O., Pueyo, L., Ribeiro, D. C., Rickman, E., Rustamkulov, Z., Shangguan, J., Shimizu, T., Sing, D., Stadler, J., Straub, O., Straubmeier, C., Sturm, E., Tacconi, L. J., van Dishoeck, E. F., Vigan, A., Vincent, F., von Fellenberg, S. D., Wang, J. J., Widmann, F., Woillez, J., Yazıcı, Ş.
Formato:	Preprint
Publicado:	2024
Materias:	Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Acceso en línea:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866913459151568896
author	Winterhalder, T. O. Lacour, S. Mérand, A. Maire, A. -L. Kammerer, J. Stolker, T. Pourré, N. Babusiaux, C. Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Asensio-Torres, R. Balmer, W. O. Benisty, M. Berger, J. -P. Beust, H. Blunt, S. Boccaletti, A. Bonnefoy, M. Bonnet, H. Bordoni, M. S. Bourdarot, G. Brandner, W. Cantalloube, F. Caselli, P. Charnay, B. Chauvin, G. Chavez, A. Choquet, E. Christiaens, V. Clénet, Y. Foresto, V. Coudé du Cridland, A. Davies, R. Dembet, R. Dexter, J. Drescher, A. Duvert, G. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Schreiber, N. M. Förster Garcia, P. Lopez, R. Garcia Gardner, T. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Girard, J. H. Grant, S. Haubois, X. Heißel, G. Henning, Th. Hinkley, S. Hippler, S. Houllé, M. Hubert, Z. Jocou, L. Keppler, M. Kervella, P. Kreidberg, L. Kurtovic, N. T. Lagrange, A. -M. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. -B. Le Lutz, D. Mang, F. Marleau, G. -D. Mollière, P. Monnier, J. D. Mordasini, C. Mouillet, D. Nasedkin, E. Nowak, M. Ott, T. Otten, G. P. P. L. Paladini, C. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pfuhl, O. Pueyo, L. Ribeiro, D. C. Rickman, E. Rustamkulov, Z. Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Sing, D. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. van Dishoeck, E. F. Vigan, A. Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. D. Wang, J. J. Widmann, F. Woillez, J. Yazıcı, Ş.
author_facet	Winterhalder, T. O. Lacour, S. Mérand, A. Maire, A. -L. Kammerer, J. Stolker, T. Pourré, N. Babusiaux, C. Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Asensio-Torres, R. Balmer, W. O. Benisty, M. Berger, J. -P. Beust, H. Blunt, S. Boccaletti, A. Bonnefoy, M. Bonnet, H. Bordoni, M. S. Bourdarot, G. Brandner, W. Cantalloube, F. Caselli, P. Charnay, B. Chauvin, G. Chavez, A. Choquet, E. Christiaens, V. Clénet, Y. Foresto, V. Coudé du Cridland, A. Davies, R. Dembet, R. Dexter, J. Drescher, A. Duvert, G. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Schreiber, N. M. Förster Garcia, P. Lopez, R. Garcia Gardner, T. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Girard, J. H. Grant, S. Haubois, X. Heißel, G. Henning, Th. Hinkley, S. Hippler, S. Houllé, M. Hubert, Z. Jocou, L. Keppler, M. Kervella, P. Kreidberg, L. Kurtovic, N. T. Lagrange, A. -M. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. -B. Le Lutz, D. Mang, F. Marleau, G. -D. Mollière, P. Monnier, J. D. Mordasini, C. Mouillet, D. Nasedkin, E. Nowak, M. Ott, T. Otten, G. P. P. L. Paladini, C. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pfuhl, O. Pueyo, L. Ribeiro, D. C. Rickman, E. Rustamkulov, Z. Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Sing, D. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. van Dishoeck, E. F. Vigan, A. Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. D. Wang, J. J. Widmann, F. Woillez, J. Yazıcı, Ş.
contents	Precise mass constraints are vital for the characterisation of brown dwarfs and exoplanets. Here we present how the combination of data obtained by Gaia and GRAVITY can help enlarge the sample of substellar companions with measured dynamical masses. We show how the Non-Single-Star (NSS) two-body orbit catalogue contained in Gaia DR3 can be used to inform high-angular-resolution follow-up observations with GRAVITY. Applying the method presented in this work to eight Gaia candidate systems, we detect all eight predicted companions, seven of which were previously unknown and five are of a substellar nature. Among the sample is Gaia DR3 2728129004119806464 B, which - detected at an angular separation of (34.01 $\pm$ 0.15) mas from the host - is the closest substellar companion ever imaged. This translates to a semi-major axis of (0.938 $\pm$ 0.023) AU. WT 766 B, detected at a greater angular separation, was confirmed to be on an orbit exhibiting an even smaller semi-major axis of (0.676 $\pm$ 0.008) AU. The GRAVITY data were then used to break the host-companion mass degeneracy inherent to the Gaia NSS orbit solutions as well as to constrain the orbital solutions of the respective target systems. Knowledge of the companion masses enabled us to further characterise them in terms of their ages, effective temperatures, and radii via the application of evolutionary models. The inferred ages exhibit a distinct bias towards values younger than what is to be expected based on the literature. The results serve as an independent validation of the orbital solutions published in the NSS two-body orbit catalogue and show that the combination of astrometric survey missions and high-angular-resolution direct imaging holds great promise for efficiently increasing the sample of directly imaged companions in the future, especially in the light of Gaia's upcoming DR4 and the advent of GRAVITY+.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_13055
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2024
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Combining Gaia and GRAVITY: Characterising five new Directly Detected Substellar Companions Winterhalder, T. O. Lacour, S. Mérand, A. Maire, A. -L. Kammerer, J. Stolker, T. Pourré, N. Babusiaux, C. Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Asensio-Torres, R. Balmer, W. O. Benisty, M. Berger, J. -P. Beust, H. Blunt, S. Boccaletti, A. Bonnefoy, M. Bonnet, H. Bordoni, M. S. Bourdarot, G. Brandner, W. Cantalloube, F. Caselli, P. Charnay, B. Chauvin, G. Chavez, A. Choquet, E. Christiaens, V. Clénet, Y. Foresto, V. Coudé du Cridland, A. Davies, R. Dembet, R. Dexter, J. Drescher, A. Duvert, G. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Schreiber, N. M. Förster Garcia, P. Lopez, R. Garcia Gardner, T. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Girard, J. H. Grant, S. Haubois, X. Heißel, G. Henning, Th. Hinkley, S. Hippler, S. Houllé, M. Hubert, Z. Jocou, L. Keppler, M. Kervella, P. Kreidberg, L. Kurtovic, N. T. Lagrange, A. -M. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. -B. Le Lutz, D. Mang, F. Marleau, G. -D. Mollière, P. Monnier, J. D. Mordasini, C. Mouillet, D. Nasedkin, E. Nowak, M. Ott, T. Otten, G. P. P. L. Paladini, C. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pfuhl, O. Pueyo, L. Ribeiro, D. C. Rickman, E. Rustamkulov, Z. Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Sing, D. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. van Dishoeck, E. F. Vigan, A. Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. D. Wang, J. J. Widmann, F. Woillez, J. Yazıcı, Ş. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Precise mass constraints are vital for the characterisation of brown dwarfs and exoplanets. Here we present how the combination of data obtained by Gaia and GRAVITY can help enlarge the sample of substellar companions with measured dynamical masses. We show how the Non-Single-Star (NSS) two-body orbit catalogue contained in Gaia DR3 can be used to inform high-angular-resolution follow-up observations with GRAVITY. Applying the method presented in this work to eight Gaia candidate systems, we detect all eight predicted companions, seven of which were previously unknown and five are of a substellar nature. Among the sample is Gaia DR3 2728129004119806464 B, which - detected at an angular separation of (34.01 $\pm$ 0.15) mas from the host - is the closest substellar companion ever imaged. This translates to a semi-major axis of (0.938 $\pm$ 0.023) AU. WT 766 B, detected at a greater angular separation, was confirmed to be on an orbit exhibiting an even smaller semi-major axis of (0.676 $\pm$ 0.008) AU. The GRAVITY data were then used to break the host-companion mass degeneracy inherent to the Gaia NSS orbit solutions as well as to constrain the orbital solutions of the respective target systems. Knowledge of the companion masses enabled us to further characterise them in terms of their ages, effective temperatures, and radii via the application of evolutionary models. The inferred ages exhibit a distinct bias towards values younger than what is to be expected based on the literature. The results serve as an independent validation of the orbital solutions published in the NSS two-body orbit catalogue and show that the combination of astrometric survey missions and high-angular-resolution direct imaging holds great promise for efficiently increasing the sample of directly imaged companions in the future, especially in the light of Gaia's upcoming DR4 and the advent of GRAVITY+.
title	Combining Gaia and GRAVITY: Characterising five new Directly Detected Substellar Companions
topic	Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.13055