Picotesla-sensitivity microcavity optomechanical magnetometry
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2024
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| _version_ | 1866910633722642432 |
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| author | Hu, Zhi-Gang Gao, Yi-Meng Liu, Jian-Fei Yang, Hao Wang, Min Lei, Yuechen Zhou, Xin Li, Jincheng Cao, Xuening Liang, Jinjing Hu, Chao-Qun Li, Zhilin Lau, Yong-Chang Cai, Jian-Wang Li, Bei-Bei |
| author_facet | Hu, Zhi-Gang Gao, Yi-Meng Liu, Jian-Fei Yang, Hao Wang, Min Lei, Yuechen Zhou, Xin Li, Jincheng Cao, Xuening Liang, Jinjing Hu, Chao-Qun Li, Zhilin Lau, Yong-Chang Cai, Jian-Wang Li, Bei-Bei |
| contents | Cavity optomechanical systems have enabled precision sensing of magnetic fields, by leveraging the optical resonance-enhanced readout and mechanical resonance-enhanced response. Previous studies have successfully achieved scalable and reproducible microcavity optomechanical magnetometry (MCOM) by incorporating Terfenol-D thin films into high-quality ($Q$) factor whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavities. However, the sensitivity was limited to 585 pT/Hz$^{1/2}$, over 20 times inferior to those using Terfenol-D particles. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a high-sensitivity and scalable MCOM approach by sputtering a FeGaB thin film onto a high-$Q$ SiO$_2$ WGM microdisk. Theoretical studies are conducted to explore the magnetic actuation constant and noise-limited sensitivity by varying the parameters of the FeGaB film and SiO$_2$ microdisk. Multiple magnetometers with different radii are fabricated and characterized. By utilizing a microdisk with a radius of 355 $μ$m and a thickness of 1 $μ$m, along with a FeGaB film with a radius of 330 $μ$m and a thickness of 1.3 $μ$m, we have achieved a remarkable peak sensitivity of 1.68 pT/Hz$^{1/2}$ at 9.52 MHz. This represents a significant improvement of over two orders of magnitude compared with previous studies employing sputtered Terfenol-D film. Notably, the magnetometer operates without a bias magnetic field, thanks to the remarkable soft magnetic properties of the FeGaB film. Furthermore, as a proof-of-concept, we have demonstrated the real-time measurement of a pulsed magnetic field simulating the corona current in a high-voltage transmission line using our developed magnetometer. These high-sensitivity magnetometers hold great potential for various applications, such as magnetic induction tomography and corona current monitoring. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2403_14301 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Picotesla-sensitivity microcavity optomechanical magnetometry Hu, Zhi-Gang Gao, Yi-Meng Liu, Jian-Fei Yang, Hao Wang, Min Lei, Yuechen Zhou, Xin Li, Jincheng Cao, Xuening Liang, Jinjing Hu, Chao-Qun Li, Zhilin Lau, Yong-Chang Cai, Jian-Wang Li, Bei-Bei Optics Applied Physics Cavity optomechanical systems have enabled precision sensing of magnetic fields, by leveraging the optical resonance-enhanced readout and mechanical resonance-enhanced response. Previous studies have successfully achieved scalable and reproducible microcavity optomechanical magnetometry (MCOM) by incorporating Terfenol-D thin films into high-quality ($Q$) factor whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavities. However, the sensitivity was limited to 585 pT/Hz$^{1/2}$, over 20 times inferior to those using Terfenol-D particles. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a high-sensitivity and scalable MCOM approach by sputtering a FeGaB thin film onto a high-$Q$ SiO$_2$ WGM microdisk. Theoretical studies are conducted to explore the magnetic actuation constant and noise-limited sensitivity by varying the parameters of the FeGaB film and SiO$_2$ microdisk. Multiple magnetometers with different radii are fabricated and characterized. By utilizing a microdisk with a radius of 355 $μ$m and a thickness of 1 $μ$m, along with a FeGaB film with a radius of 330 $μ$m and a thickness of 1.3 $μ$m, we have achieved a remarkable peak sensitivity of 1.68 pT/Hz$^{1/2}$ at 9.52 MHz. This represents a significant improvement of over two orders of magnitude compared with previous studies employing sputtered Terfenol-D film. Notably, the magnetometer operates without a bias magnetic field, thanks to the remarkable soft magnetic properties of the FeGaB film. Furthermore, as a proof-of-concept, we have demonstrated the real-time measurement of a pulsed magnetic field simulating the corona current in a high-voltage transmission line using our developed magnetometer. These high-sensitivity magnetometers hold great potential for various applications, such as magnetic induction tomography and corona current monitoring. |
| title | Picotesla-sensitivity microcavity optomechanical magnetometry |
| topic | Optics Applied Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.14301 |