Discovery of thionylimide, HNSO, in space: the first N-, S- and O-bearing interstellar molecule
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2024
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| author | Sanz-Novo, Miguel Rivilla, Víctor M. Müller, Holger S. P. Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun Martín-Pintado, Jesús Colzi, Laura Zeng, Shaoshan Megías, Andrés López-Gallifa, Álvaro Martínez-Henares, Antonio Tercero, Belén de Vicente, Pablo Andrés, David San Martín, Sergio Requena-Torres, Miguel A. |
| author_facet | Sanz-Novo, Miguel Rivilla, Víctor M. Müller, Holger S. P. Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun Martín-Pintado, Jesús Colzi, Laura Zeng, Shaoshan Megías, Andrés López-Gallifa, Álvaro Martínez-Henares, Antonio Tercero, Belén de Vicente, Pablo Andrés, David San Martín, Sergio Requena-Torres, Miguel A. |
| contents | We present the first detection in space of thionylimide (HNSO) toward the Galactic Center molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027, thanks to the superb sensitivity of an ultradeep molecular line survey carried out with the Yebes 40$\,$m and IRAM 30$\,$m telescopes. This molecule is the first species detected in the interstellar medium containing, simultaneously, N, S and O. We have identified numerous $K$$_a$ = 0, 1 and 2 transitions belonging to HNSO covering from $J$$_{\rm up}$ = 2 to $J$$_{\rm up}$ = 10, including several completely unblended features. We derive a molecular column density of $N$ = (8 $\pm$ 1)$\times$10$^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$, yielding a fractional abundance relative to H$_2$ of $\sim$6$\times$10$^{-10}$, which is about $\sim$37 and $\sim$4.8 times less abundant than SO and SO2, respectively. Although there are still many unknowns in the interstellar chemistry of NSO-bearing molecules, we propose that HNSO is likely formed through the reaction of the NSO radical and atomic H on the surface of icy grains, with alternative routes also deserving exploration. Finally, HNSO appears as a promising link between N- , S- and O- interstellar chemistry and its discovery paves the route to the detection of a new family of molecules in space. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2404_01044 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Discovery of thionylimide, HNSO, in space: the first N-, S- and O-bearing interstellar molecule Sanz-Novo, Miguel Rivilla, Víctor M. Müller, Holger S. P. Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun Martín-Pintado, Jesús Colzi, Laura Zeng, Shaoshan Megías, Andrés López-Gallifa, Álvaro Martínez-Henares, Antonio Tercero, Belén de Vicente, Pablo Andrés, David San Martín, Sergio Requena-Torres, Miguel A. Astrophysics of Galaxies We present the first detection in space of thionylimide (HNSO) toward the Galactic Center molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027, thanks to the superb sensitivity of an ultradeep molecular line survey carried out with the Yebes 40$\,$m and IRAM 30$\,$m telescopes. This molecule is the first species detected in the interstellar medium containing, simultaneously, N, S and O. We have identified numerous $K$$_a$ = 0, 1 and 2 transitions belonging to HNSO covering from $J$$_{\rm up}$ = 2 to $J$$_{\rm up}$ = 10, including several completely unblended features. We derive a molecular column density of $N$ = (8 $\pm$ 1)$\times$10$^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$, yielding a fractional abundance relative to H$_2$ of $\sim$6$\times$10$^{-10}$, which is about $\sim$37 and $\sim$4.8 times less abundant than SO and SO2, respectively. Although there are still many unknowns in the interstellar chemistry of NSO-bearing molecules, we propose that HNSO is likely formed through the reaction of the NSO radical and atomic H on the surface of icy grains, with alternative routes also deserving exploration. Finally, HNSO appears as a promising link between N- , S- and O- interstellar chemistry and its discovery paves the route to the detection of a new family of molecules in space. |
| title | Discovery of thionylimide, HNSO, in space: the first N-, S- and O-bearing interstellar molecule |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.01044 |