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Astrometric detection of a Neptune-mass candidate planet in the nearest M-dwarf binary system GJ65 with VLTI/GRAVITY

Fuente: arXiv

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Hauptverfasser:	GRAVITY Collaboration, Abuter, R., Amorim, A., Benisty, M., Berger, J-P., Bonnet, H., Bourdarot, G., Bourget, P., Brandner, W., Clénet, Y., Davies, R., Delplancke-Ströbele, F., Dembet, R., Drescher, A., Eckart, A., Eisenhauer, F., Feuchtgruber, H., Finger, G., Förster-Schreiber, N. M., Garcia, P., Garcia-Lopez, R., Gao, F., Gendron, E., Genzel, R., Gillessen, S., Hartl, M., Haubois, X., Haussmann, F., Henning, T., Hippler, S., Horrobin, M., Jochum, L., Jocou, L., Kaufer, A., Kervella, P., Lacour, S., Lapeyrère, V., Bouquin, J. B. Le, Ledoux, C., Léna, P., Lutz, D., Mang, F., Mérand, A., More, N., Nowak, M., Ott, T., Paumard, T., Perraut, K., Perrin, G., Pfuhl, O., Rabien, S., Ribeiro, D. C., Bordoni, M. Sadun, Shangguan, J., Shimizu, T., Stadler, J., Straub, O., Straubmeier, C., Sturm, E., Tacconi, L. J., Tristram, K. R. W, Vincent, F., von Fellenberg, S., Widmann, F., Wieprecht, E., Woillez, J., Yazici, S., Zins, G.
Format:	Preprint
Veröffentlicht:	2024
Schlagworte:	Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Online-Zugang:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866913313987756032
author	GRAVITY Collaboration Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Benisty, M. Berger, J-P. Bonnet, H. Bourdarot, G. Bourget, P. Brandner, W. Clénet, Y. Davies, R. Delplancke-Ströbele, F. Dembet, R. Drescher, A. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Feuchtgruber, H. Finger, G. Förster-Schreiber, N. M. Garcia, P. Garcia-Lopez, R. Gao, F. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Hartl, M. Haubois, X. Haussmann, F. Henning, T. Hippler, S. Horrobin, M. Jochum, L. Jocou, L. Kaufer, A. Kervella, P. Lacour, S. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. B. Le Ledoux, C. Léna, P. Lutz, D. Mang, F. Mérand, A. More, N. Nowak, M. Ott, T. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pfuhl, O. Rabien, S. Ribeiro, D. C. Bordoni, M. Sadun Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. Tristram, K. R. W Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. Widmann, F. Wieprecht, E. Woillez, J. Yazici, S. Zins, G.
author_facet	GRAVITY Collaboration Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Benisty, M. Berger, J-P. Bonnet, H. Bourdarot, G. Bourget, P. Brandner, W. Clénet, Y. Davies, R. Delplancke-Ströbele, F. Dembet, R. Drescher, A. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Feuchtgruber, H. Finger, G. Förster-Schreiber, N. M. Garcia, P. Garcia-Lopez, R. Gao, F. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Hartl, M. Haubois, X. Haussmann, F. Henning, T. Hippler, S. Horrobin, M. Jochum, L. Jocou, L. Kaufer, A. Kervella, P. Lacour, S. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. B. Le Ledoux, C. Léna, P. Lutz, D. Mang, F. Mérand, A. More, N. Nowak, M. Ott, T. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pfuhl, O. Rabien, S. Ribeiro, D. C. Bordoni, M. Sadun Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. Tristram, K. R. W Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. Widmann, F. Wieprecht, E. Woillez, J. Yazici, S. Zins, G.
contents	The detection of low-mass planets orbiting the nearest stars is a central stake of exoplanetary science, as they can be directly characterized much more easily than their distant counterparts. Here, we present the results of our long-term astrometric observations of the nearest binary M-dwarf Gliese 65 AB (GJ65), located at a distance of only 2.67 pc. We monitored the relative astrometry of the two components from 2016 to 2023 with the VLTI/GRAVITY interferometric instrument. We derived highly accurate orbital parameters for the stellar system, along with the dynamical masses of the two red dwarfs. The GRAVITY measurements exhibit a mean accuracy per epoch of 50-60 microarcseconds in 1.5h of observing time using the 1.8m Auxiliary Telescopes. The residuals of the two-body orbital fit enable us to search for the presence of companions orbiting one of the two stars (S-type orbit) through the reflex motion they imprint on the differential A-B astrometry. We detected a Neptune-mass candidate companion with an orbital period of p = 156 +/- 1 d and a mass of m = 36 +/- 7 Mearth. The best-fit orbit is within the dynamical stability region of the stellar pair. It has a low eccentricity, e = 0.1 - 0.3, and the planetary orbit plane has a moderate-to-high inclination of i > 30° with respect to the stellar pair, with further observations required to confirm these values. These observations demonstrate the capability of interferometric astrometry to reach microarcsecond accuracy in the narrow-angle regime for planet detection by reflex motion from the ground. This capability offers new perspectives and potential synergies with Gaia in the pursuit of low-mass exoplanets in the solar neighborhood.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2404_08746
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2024
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Astrometric detection of a Neptune-mass candidate planet in the nearest M-dwarf binary system GJ65 with VLTI/GRAVITY GRAVITY Collaboration Abuter, R. Amorim, A. Benisty, M. Berger, J-P. Bonnet, H. Bourdarot, G. Bourget, P. Brandner, W. Clénet, Y. Davies, R. Delplancke-Ströbele, F. Dembet, R. Drescher, A. Eckart, A. Eisenhauer, F. Feuchtgruber, H. Finger, G. Förster-Schreiber, N. M. Garcia, P. Garcia-Lopez, R. Gao, F. Gendron, E. Genzel, R. Gillessen, S. Hartl, M. Haubois, X. Haussmann, F. Henning, T. Hippler, S. Horrobin, M. Jochum, L. Jocou, L. Kaufer, A. Kervella, P. Lacour, S. Lapeyrère, V. Bouquin, J. B. Le Ledoux, C. Léna, P. Lutz, D. Mang, F. Mérand, A. More, N. Nowak, M. Ott, T. Paumard, T. Perraut, K. Perrin, G. Pfuhl, O. Rabien, S. Ribeiro, D. C. Bordoni, M. Sadun Shangguan, J. Shimizu, T. Stadler, J. Straub, O. Straubmeier, C. Sturm, E. Tacconi, L. J. Tristram, K. R. W Vincent, F. von Fellenberg, S. Widmann, F. Wieprecht, E. Woillez, J. Yazici, S. Zins, G. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics The detection of low-mass planets orbiting the nearest stars is a central stake of exoplanetary science, as they can be directly characterized much more easily than their distant counterparts. Here, we present the results of our long-term astrometric observations of the nearest binary M-dwarf Gliese 65 AB (GJ65), located at a distance of only 2.67 pc. We monitored the relative astrometry of the two components from 2016 to 2023 with the VLTI/GRAVITY interferometric instrument. We derived highly accurate orbital parameters for the stellar system, along with the dynamical masses of the two red dwarfs. The GRAVITY measurements exhibit a mean accuracy per epoch of 50-60 microarcseconds in 1.5h of observing time using the 1.8m Auxiliary Telescopes. The residuals of the two-body orbital fit enable us to search for the presence of companions orbiting one of the two stars (S-type orbit) through the reflex motion they imprint on the differential A-B astrometry. We detected a Neptune-mass candidate companion with an orbital period of p = 156 +/- 1 d and a mass of m = 36 +/- 7 Mearth. The best-fit orbit is within the dynamical stability region of the stellar pair. It has a low eccentricity, e = 0.1 - 0.3, and the planetary orbit plane has a moderate-to-high inclination of i > 30° with respect to the stellar pair, with further observations required to confirm these values. These observations demonstrate the capability of interferometric astrometry to reach microarcsecond accuracy in the narrow-angle regime for planet detection by reflex motion from the ground. This capability offers new perspectives and potential synergies with Gaia in the pursuit of low-mass exoplanets in the solar neighborhood.
title	Astrometric detection of a Neptune-mass candidate planet in the nearest M-dwarf binary system GJ65 with VLTI/GRAVITY
topic	Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.08746