Single-loop Projection-free and Projected Gradient-based Algorithms for Nonconvex-concave Saddle Point Problems with Bilevel Structure

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Main Authors: Ahmadi, Mohammad Mahdi, Hamedani, Erfan Yazdandoost
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Ahmadi, Mohammad Mahdi
Hamedani, Erfan Yazdandoost
author_facet Ahmadi, Mohammad Mahdi
Hamedani, Erfan Yazdandoost
contents In this paper, we explore a broad class of constrained saddle point problems with a bilevel structure, wherein the upper-level objective function is nonconvex-concave and smooth over compact and convex constraint sets, subject to a strongly convex lower-level objective function. This class of problems finds wide applicability in machine learning, encompassing robust multi-task learning, adversarial learning, and robust meta-learning. Our study extends the current literature in two main directions: (i) We consider a more general setting where the upper-level function is not necessarily strongly concave or linear in the maximization variable. (ii) While existing methods for solving saddle point problems with a bilevel structure are projection-based algorithms, we propose a one-sided projection-free method employing a linear minimization oracle. Specifically, by utilizing regularization and nested approximation techniques, we introduce a novel single-loop one-sided projection-free algorithm, requiring $\cO(ε^{-4})$ iterations to attain an $ε$-stationary solution, moreover, when the objective function in the upper-level is linear in the maximization component, our result improve to $\cO(ε^{-3})$. Subsequently, we develop an efficient single-loop fully projected gradient-based algorithm capable of achieving an $ε$-stationary solution within $\cO(ε^{-5})$ iterations. This result improves to $\cO(ε^{-4})$ when the upper-level objective function is strongly concave in the maximization component. Finally, we tested our proposed methods against the state-of-the-art algorithms for solving a robust multi-task regression problem to showcase the superiority of our algorithms.
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id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2404_13021
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publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Single-loop Projection-free and Projected Gradient-based Algorithms for Nonconvex-concave Saddle Point Problems with Bilevel Structure
Ahmadi, Mohammad Mahdi
Hamedani, Erfan Yazdandoost
Optimization and Control
In this paper, we explore a broad class of constrained saddle point problems with a bilevel structure, wherein the upper-level objective function is nonconvex-concave and smooth over compact and convex constraint sets, subject to a strongly convex lower-level objective function. This class of problems finds wide applicability in machine learning, encompassing robust multi-task learning, adversarial learning, and robust meta-learning. Our study extends the current literature in two main directions: (i) We consider a more general setting where the upper-level function is not necessarily strongly concave or linear in the maximization variable. (ii) While existing methods for solving saddle point problems with a bilevel structure are projection-based algorithms, we propose a one-sided projection-free method employing a linear minimization oracle. Specifically, by utilizing regularization and nested approximation techniques, we introduce a novel single-loop one-sided projection-free algorithm, requiring $\cO(ε^{-4})$ iterations to attain an $ε$-stationary solution, moreover, when the objective function in the upper-level is linear in the maximization component, our result improve to $\cO(ε^{-3})$. Subsequently, we develop an efficient single-loop fully projected gradient-based algorithm capable of achieving an $ε$-stationary solution within $\cO(ε^{-5})$ iterations. This result improves to $\cO(ε^{-4})$ when the upper-level objective function is strongly concave in the maximization component. Finally, we tested our proposed methods against the state-of-the-art algorithms for solving a robust multi-task regression problem to showcase the superiority of our algorithms.
title Single-loop Projection-free and Projected Gradient-based Algorithms for Nonconvex-concave Saddle Point Problems with Bilevel Structure
topic Optimization and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.13021