Orbital Hall effect assisted field-free perpendicular magnetization switching
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arXiv
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2024
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| author | Bekele, Zelalem Abebe Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Lei, Kun Lan, Xiukai Liu, Xiangyu Wen, Hui Shao, Ding-Fu Wang, Kaiyou |
| author_facet | Bekele, Zelalem Abebe Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Lei, Kun Lan, Xiukai Liu, Xiangyu Wen, Hui Shao, Ding-Fu Wang, Kaiyou |
| contents | Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated through the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE) and/or Rashba-Edelstein effect offer potential for magnetization manipulation. However, deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets via SOTs requires a strong symmetry-breaking perturbation, typically an external magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate that field-free SOT switching of perpendicular magnetization can be facilitated with the assistance of the orbital Hall effect (OHE). Using a representative Co/PtGd bilayer SOT device, we find that while the planar Hall effect (PHE) generates a finite out-of-plane damping-like torque, representing a lateral symmetry breaking, the SHE-induced torque achievable at practical current density is insufficient to switch the perpendicular magnetization. Incorporating a Mo underlayer and exploiting its strong OHE can amplify the in-plane damping-like torque via orbital-to-spin conversion, enabling efficient field-free deterministic switching without complex device geometries or low symmetric spin sources, providing a straightforward and scalable strategy for achieving high-speed and low-power spintronics. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2404_13405 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Orbital Hall effect assisted field-free perpendicular magnetization switching Bekele, Zelalem Abebe Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Lei, Kun Lan, Xiukai Liu, Xiangyu Wen, Hui Shao, Ding-Fu Wang, Kaiyou Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) generated through the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE) and/or Rashba-Edelstein effect offer potential for magnetization manipulation. However, deterministic switching of perpendicular ferromagnets via SOTs requires a strong symmetry-breaking perturbation, typically an external magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate that field-free SOT switching of perpendicular magnetization can be facilitated with the assistance of the orbital Hall effect (OHE). Using a representative Co/PtGd bilayer SOT device, we find that while the planar Hall effect (PHE) generates a finite out-of-plane damping-like torque, representing a lateral symmetry breaking, the SHE-induced torque achievable at practical current density is insufficient to switch the perpendicular magnetization. Incorporating a Mo underlayer and exploiting its strong OHE can amplify the in-plane damping-like torque via orbital-to-spin conversion, enabling efficient field-free deterministic switching without complex device geometries or low symmetric spin sources, providing a straightforward and scalable strategy for achieving high-speed and low-power spintronics. |
| title | Orbital Hall effect assisted field-free perpendicular magnetization switching |
| topic | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Materials Science |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.13405 |