Sharp quantitative stability of the Yamabe problem
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866917663727419392 |
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| author | Chen, Haixia Kim, Seunghyeok |
| author_facet | Chen, Haixia Kim, Seunghyeok |
| contents | Given a smooth closed Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ of dimension $N \ge 3$, we derive sharp quantitative stability estimates for nonnegative functions near the solution set of the Yamabe problem on $(M,g)$. The seminal work of Struwe (1984) \cite{S} states that if $Γ(u) := \|Δ_g u - \frac{N-2}{4(N-1)} R_g u + u^{\frac{N+2}{N-2}}\|_{H^{-1}(M)} \to 0$, then $\|u-(u_0+\sum_{i=1}^ν \mathcal{V}_i)\|_{H^1(M)} \to 0$ where $u_0$ is a solution to the Yamabe problem on $(M,g)$, $ν\in \mathbb{N} \cup \{0\}$, and $\mathcal{V}_i$ is a bubble-like function. If $M$ is the round sphere $\mathbb{S}^N$, then $u_0 \equiv 0$ and a natural candidate of $\mathcal{V}_i$ is a bubble itself. If $M$ is not conformally equivalent to $\mathbb{S}^N$, then either $u_0 > 0$ or $u_0 \equiv 0$, there is no canonical choice of $\mathcal{V}_i$, and so a careful selection of $\mathcal{V}_i$ must be made to attain optimal estimates.
For $3 \le N \le 5$, we construct suitable $\mathcal{V}_i$'s and then establish the inequality $\|u-(u_0+\sum_{i=1}^ν \mathcal{V}_i)\|_{H^1(M)}$ $ \le Cζ(Γ(u))$ where $C > 0$ and $ζ(t) = t$, consistent with the result of Figalli and Glaudo (2020) \cite{FG} on $\mathbb{S}^N$. In the case of $N \ge 6$, we investigate the single-bubbling phenomenon $(ν= 1)$ on generic Riemannian manifolds $(M,g)$, proving that $ζ(t)$ is determined by $N$, $u_0$, and $g$, and can be much larger than $t$. This exhibits a striking difference from the result of Ciraolo, Figalli, and Maggi (2018) \cite{CFM} on $\mathbb{S}^N$. All of the estimates presented herein are optimal. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2404_13961 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Sharp quantitative stability of the Yamabe problem Chen, Haixia Kim, Seunghyeok Analysis of PDEs Given a smooth closed Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ of dimension $N \ge 3$, we derive sharp quantitative stability estimates for nonnegative functions near the solution set of the Yamabe problem on $(M,g)$. The seminal work of Struwe (1984) \cite{S} states that if $Γ(u) := \|Δ_g u - \frac{N-2}{4(N-1)} R_g u + u^{\frac{N+2}{N-2}}\|_{H^{-1}(M)} \to 0$, then $\|u-(u_0+\sum_{i=1}^ν \mathcal{V}_i)\|_{H^1(M)} \to 0$ where $u_0$ is a solution to the Yamabe problem on $(M,g)$, $ν\in \mathbb{N} \cup \{0\}$, and $\mathcal{V}_i$ is a bubble-like function. If $M$ is the round sphere $\mathbb{S}^N$, then $u_0 \equiv 0$ and a natural candidate of $\mathcal{V}_i$ is a bubble itself. If $M$ is not conformally equivalent to $\mathbb{S}^N$, then either $u_0 > 0$ or $u_0 \equiv 0$, there is no canonical choice of $\mathcal{V}_i$, and so a careful selection of $\mathcal{V}_i$ must be made to attain optimal estimates. For $3 \le N \le 5$, we construct suitable $\mathcal{V}_i$'s and then establish the inequality $\|u-(u_0+\sum_{i=1}^ν \mathcal{V}_i)\|_{H^1(M)}$ $ \le Cζ(Γ(u))$ where $C > 0$ and $ζ(t) = t$, consistent with the result of Figalli and Glaudo (2020) \cite{FG} on $\mathbb{S}^N$. In the case of $N \ge 6$, we investigate the single-bubbling phenomenon $(ν= 1)$ on generic Riemannian manifolds $(M,g)$, proving that $ζ(t)$ is determined by $N$, $u_0$, and $g$, and can be much larger than $t$. This exhibits a striking difference from the result of Ciraolo, Figalli, and Maggi (2018) \cite{CFM} on $\mathbb{S}^N$. All of the estimates presented herein are optimal. |
| title | Sharp quantitative stability of the Yamabe problem |
| topic | Analysis of PDEs |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.13961 |