In Situ Characterisation of Graphene Growth on Liquid Copper-Gallium Alloys: Paving the Path for Cost-Effective Synthesis
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2024
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| _version_ | 1866916222742822912 |
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| author | Rein, Valentina Letellier, Florian Jankowski, Maciej de Voogd, Marc Prabhu, Mahesh Yao, Lipeng van Baarle, Gertjan Renaud, Gilles Saedi, Mehdi Groot, Irene M. N. Konovalov, Oleg V. |
| author_facet | Rein, Valentina Letellier, Florian Jankowski, Maciej de Voogd, Marc Prabhu, Mahesh Yao, Lipeng van Baarle, Gertjan Renaud, Gilles Saedi, Mehdi Groot, Irene M. N. Konovalov, Oleg V. |
| contents | Liquid metal catalysts (LMCats), primarily molten copper, have demonstrated their efficiency in the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) approach for synthesising high-quality, large-area graphene. However, their high melting temperatures limit broader applications. Reducing the temperature of graphene production on LMCats would lead to a more efficient and cost-effective process. Here, we investigated the effects of alloying copper with a low-melting temperature metal on graphene growth in real-time. We examined a set of liquid copper-gallium alloy systems using two complementary in situ techniques: radiation-mode optical microscopy and synchrotron X-ray reflectivity (XRR). Microscopy observations revealed reduced catalytic activity and graphene quality degradation in compositions with gallium domination. The XRR confirmed the formation of single-layer graphene on alloys with up to 60 wt% of gallium. Additionally, we detected a systematic increase in adsorption height on the alloys' surface, suggesting a weaker graphene adhesion on gallium. These findings propose a trade-off between layer quality and production cost reduction is feasible. Our results offer insights into the CVD synthesis of graphene on bimetallic liquid surfaces and underscore the potential of gallium-copper alloys for enabling the direct transfer of graphene from a liquid substrate, thereby addressing the limitations imposed by high melting temperatures of conventional LMCats. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2404_16465 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | In Situ Characterisation of Graphene Growth on Liquid Copper-Gallium Alloys: Paving the Path for Cost-Effective Synthesis Rein, Valentina Letellier, Florian Jankowski, Maciej de Voogd, Marc Prabhu, Mahesh Yao, Lipeng van Baarle, Gertjan Renaud, Gilles Saedi, Mehdi Groot, Irene M. N. Konovalov, Oleg V. Applied Physics Materials Science Chemical Physics Liquid metal catalysts (LMCats), primarily molten copper, have demonstrated their efficiency in the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) approach for synthesising high-quality, large-area graphene. However, their high melting temperatures limit broader applications. Reducing the temperature of graphene production on LMCats would lead to a more efficient and cost-effective process. Here, we investigated the effects of alloying copper with a low-melting temperature metal on graphene growth in real-time. We examined a set of liquid copper-gallium alloy systems using two complementary in situ techniques: radiation-mode optical microscopy and synchrotron X-ray reflectivity (XRR). Microscopy observations revealed reduced catalytic activity and graphene quality degradation in compositions with gallium domination. The XRR confirmed the formation of single-layer graphene on alloys with up to 60 wt% of gallium. Additionally, we detected a systematic increase in adsorption height on the alloys' surface, suggesting a weaker graphene adhesion on gallium. These findings propose a trade-off between layer quality and production cost reduction is feasible. Our results offer insights into the CVD synthesis of graphene on bimetallic liquid surfaces and underscore the potential of gallium-copper alloys for enabling the direct transfer of graphene from a liquid substrate, thereby addressing the limitations imposed by high melting temperatures of conventional LMCats. |
| title | In Situ Characterisation of Graphene Growth on Liquid Copper-Gallium Alloys: Paving the Path for Cost-Effective Synthesis |
| topic | Applied Physics Materials Science Chemical Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.16465 |