Mass function of stellar black holes as revealed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations
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arXiv
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2024
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| _version_ | 1866912160974635008 |
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| author | Dong, Xiao-Fei Huang, Yong-Feng Zhang, Zhi-Bin Li, Xiu-Juan Zou, Ze-Cheng Hu, Chen-Ran Deng, Chen Liu, Yang |
| author_facet | Dong, Xiao-Fei Huang, Yong-Feng Zhang, Zhi-Bin Li, Xiu-Juan Zou, Ze-Cheng Hu, Chen-Ran Deng, Chen Liu, Yang |
| contents | Ninety gravitational wave events have been detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network and are released in the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog. Among these events, 83 cases are definitely binary black hole mergers since the masses of all the objects involved significantly exceed the upper limit of neutron stars. The black holes in these merger events naturally form two interesting samples, a pre-merger sample that includes all the black holes before the mergers and a post-merger sample that consists of the black holes generated during the merging processes. The former represents black holes that once existed in the Universe, while the latter represents newly born black holes. Here we present a statistical analysis on these two samples. The non-parametric $τ$ statistic method is adopted to correct for the observational selection effect. The Lynden-Bell's $C^{-}$ method is further applied to derive the mass distribution and density function of black holes. It is found that the mass distribution can be expressed as a broken power-law function. More interestingly, the power-law index in the high mass region is comparable for the two samples. The number density of black holes is found to depend on redshift as $ρ(z) \propto z^{-2.06}$ -- $z^{-2.12}$ based on the two samples. Implications of these findings on the origin of black holes are discussed. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2405_05094 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Mass function of stellar black holes as revealed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations Dong, Xiao-Fei Huang, Yong-Feng Zhang, Zhi-Bin Li, Xiu-Juan Zou, Ze-Cheng Hu, Chen-Ran Deng, Chen Liu, Yang General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 85-08, 62L10, 62G09, 62E10 F.2.1 Ninety gravitational wave events have been detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network and are released in the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog. Among these events, 83 cases are definitely binary black hole mergers since the masses of all the objects involved significantly exceed the upper limit of neutron stars. The black holes in these merger events naturally form two interesting samples, a pre-merger sample that includes all the black holes before the mergers and a post-merger sample that consists of the black holes generated during the merging processes. The former represents black holes that once existed in the Universe, while the latter represents newly born black holes. Here we present a statistical analysis on these two samples. The non-parametric $τ$ statistic method is adopted to correct for the observational selection effect. The Lynden-Bell's $C^{-}$ method is further applied to derive the mass distribution and density function of black holes. It is found that the mass distribution can be expressed as a broken power-law function. More interestingly, the power-law index in the high mass region is comparable for the two samples. The number density of black holes is found to depend on redshift as $ρ(z) \propto z^{-2.06}$ -- $z^{-2.12}$ based on the two samples. Implications of these findings on the origin of black holes are discussed. |
| title | Mass function of stellar black holes as revealed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations |
| topic | General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena High Energy Physics - Phenomenology 85-08, 62L10, 62G09, 62E10 F.2.1 |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.05094 |