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Main Authors: Cedro, Mateusz, Chlebus, Marcin
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.08658
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author Cedro, Mateusz
Chlebus, Marcin
author_facet Cedro, Mateusz
Chlebus, Marcin
contents The increasing complexity of Artificial Intelligence models poses challenges to interpretability, particularly in the healthcare sector. This study investigates the impact of deep learning model complexity and Explainable AI (XAI) efficacy, utilizing four ResNet architectures (ResNet-18, 34, 50, 101). Through methodical experimentation on 4,369 lung X-ray images of COVID-19-infected and healthy patients, the research evaluates models' classification performance and the relevance of corresponding XAI explanations with respect to the ground-truth disease masks. Results indicate that the increase in model complexity is associated with a decrease in classification accuracy and AUC-ROC scores (ResNet-18: 98.4%, 0.997; ResNet-101: 95.9%, 0.988). Notably, in eleven out of twelve statistical tests performed, no statistically significant differences occurred between XAI quantitative metrics - Relevance Rank Accuracy and the proposed Positive Attribution Ratio - across trained models. These results suggest that increased model complexity does not consistently lead to higher performance or relevance of explanations for models' decision-making processes.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2405_08658
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Beyond the Black Box: Do More Complex Deep Learning Models Provide Superior XAI Explanations?
Cedro, Mateusz
Chlebus, Marcin
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Image and Video Processing
The increasing complexity of Artificial Intelligence models poses challenges to interpretability, particularly in the healthcare sector. This study investigates the impact of deep learning model complexity and Explainable AI (XAI) efficacy, utilizing four ResNet architectures (ResNet-18, 34, 50, 101). Through methodical experimentation on 4,369 lung X-ray images of COVID-19-infected and healthy patients, the research evaluates models' classification performance and the relevance of corresponding XAI explanations with respect to the ground-truth disease masks. Results indicate that the increase in model complexity is associated with a decrease in classification accuracy and AUC-ROC scores (ResNet-18: 98.4%, 0.997; ResNet-101: 95.9%, 0.988). Notably, in eleven out of twelve statistical tests performed, no statistically significant differences occurred between XAI quantitative metrics - Relevance Rank Accuracy and the proposed Positive Attribution Ratio - across trained models. These results suggest that increased model complexity does not consistently lead to higher performance or relevance of explanations for models' decision-making processes.
title Beyond the Black Box: Do More Complex Deep Learning Models Provide Superior XAI Explanations?
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Image and Video Processing
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.08658