Demonstrating a universal logical gate set in error-detecting surface codes on a superconducting quantum processor
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Zhang, Jiaxuan Chen, Zhao-Yun Wang, Yun-Jie Lu, Bin-Han Zhang, Hai-Feng Li, Jia-Ning Duan, Peng Wu, Yu-Chun Guo, Guo-Ping |
| author_facet | Zhang, Jiaxuan Chen, Zhao-Yun Wang, Yun-Jie Lu, Bin-Han Zhang, Hai-Feng Li, Jia-Ning Duan, Peng Wu, Yu-Chun Guo, Guo-Ping |
| contents | Fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is essential for achieving large-scale practical quantum computation. Implementing arbitrary FTQC requires the execution of a universal gate set on logical qubits, which is highly challenging. Particularly, in the superconducting system, two-qubit gates on surface code logical qubits have not been realized. Here, we experimentally implement a logical CNOT gate along with arbitrary single-qubit rotation gates on distance-2 surface codes using the superconducting quantum processor \textit{Wukong}, thereby demonstrating a universal logical gate set. In the experiment, we demonstrate the transversal CNOT gate on a two-dimensional topological processor based on a tailored encoding circuit, at the cost of removing the ancilla qubits required for stabilizer measurements. Furthermore, we fault-tolerantly prepare logical Bell states and observe a violation of CHSH inequality, confirming the entanglement between logical qubits. Using the logical CNOT gate and an ancilla logical state, arbitrary single-qubit rotation gates are realized through gate teleportation. All logical gates are characterized on a complete state set and their fidelities are evaluated by logical Pauli transfer matrices. The demonstration of a universal logical gate set and the entangled logical states highlights significant aspects of FTQC on superconducting quantum processors. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2405_09035 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Demonstrating a universal logical gate set in error-detecting surface codes on a superconducting quantum processor Zhang, Jiaxuan Chen, Zhao-Yun Wang, Yun-Jie Lu, Bin-Han Zhang, Hai-Feng Li, Jia-Ning Duan, Peng Wu, Yu-Chun Guo, Guo-Ping Quantum Physics Fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is essential for achieving large-scale practical quantum computation. Implementing arbitrary FTQC requires the execution of a universal gate set on logical qubits, which is highly challenging. Particularly, in the superconducting system, two-qubit gates on surface code logical qubits have not been realized. Here, we experimentally implement a logical CNOT gate along with arbitrary single-qubit rotation gates on distance-2 surface codes using the superconducting quantum processor \textit{Wukong}, thereby demonstrating a universal logical gate set. In the experiment, we demonstrate the transversal CNOT gate on a two-dimensional topological processor based on a tailored encoding circuit, at the cost of removing the ancilla qubits required for stabilizer measurements. Furthermore, we fault-tolerantly prepare logical Bell states and observe a violation of CHSH inequality, confirming the entanglement between logical qubits. Using the logical CNOT gate and an ancilla logical state, arbitrary single-qubit rotation gates are realized through gate teleportation. All logical gates are characterized on a complete state set and their fidelities are evaluated by logical Pauli transfer matrices. The demonstration of a universal logical gate set and the entangled logical states highlights significant aspects of FTQC on superconducting quantum processors. |
| title | Demonstrating a universal logical gate set in error-detecting surface codes on a superconducting quantum processor |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.09035 |