Evaluating and Safeguarding the Adversarial Robustness of Retrieval-Based In-Context Learning

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Yu, Simon, He, Jie, Minervini, Pasquale, Pan, Jeff Z.
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2024
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author Yu, Simon
He, Jie
Minervini, Pasquale
Pan, Jeff Z.
author_facet Yu, Simon
He, Jie
Minervini, Pasquale
Pan, Jeff Z.
contents With the emergence of large language models, such as LLaMA and OpenAI GPT-3, In-Context Learning (ICL) gained significant attention due to its effectiveness and efficiency. However, ICL is very sensitive to the choice, order, and verbaliser used to encode the demonstrations in the prompt. Retrieval-Augmented ICL methods try to address this problem by leveraging retrievers to extract semantically related examples as demonstrations. While this approach yields more accurate results, its robustness against various types of adversarial attacks, including perturbations on test samples, demonstrations, and retrieved data, remains under-explored. Our study reveals that retrieval-augmented models can enhance robustness against test sample attacks, outperforming vanilla ICL with a 4.87% reduction in Attack Success Rate (ASR); however, they exhibit overconfidence in the demonstrations, leading to a 2% increase in ASR for demonstration attacks. Adversarial training can help improve the robustness of ICL methods to adversarial attacks; however, such a training scheme can be too costly in the context of LLMs. As an alternative, we introduce an effective training-free adversarial defence method, DARD, which enriches the example pool with those attacked samples. We show that DARD yields improvements in performance and robustness, achieving a 15% reduction in ASR over the baselines. Code and data are released to encourage further research: https://github.com/simonucl/adv-retreival-icl
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2405_15984
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Evaluating and Safeguarding the Adversarial Robustness of Retrieval-Based In-Context Learning
Yu, Simon
He, Jie
Minervini, Pasquale
Pan, Jeff Z.
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
With the emergence of large language models, such as LLaMA and OpenAI GPT-3, In-Context Learning (ICL) gained significant attention due to its effectiveness and efficiency. However, ICL is very sensitive to the choice, order, and verbaliser used to encode the demonstrations in the prompt. Retrieval-Augmented ICL methods try to address this problem by leveraging retrievers to extract semantically related examples as demonstrations. While this approach yields more accurate results, its robustness against various types of adversarial attacks, including perturbations on test samples, demonstrations, and retrieved data, remains under-explored. Our study reveals that retrieval-augmented models can enhance robustness against test sample attacks, outperforming vanilla ICL with a 4.87% reduction in Attack Success Rate (ASR); however, they exhibit overconfidence in the demonstrations, leading to a 2% increase in ASR for demonstration attacks. Adversarial training can help improve the robustness of ICL methods to adversarial attacks; however, such a training scheme can be too costly in the context of LLMs. As an alternative, we introduce an effective training-free adversarial defence method, DARD, which enriches the example pool with those attacked samples. We show that DARD yields improvements in performance and robustness, achieving a 15% reduction in ASR over the baselines. Code and data are released to encourage further research: https://github.com/simonucl/adv-retreival-icl
title Evaluating and Safeguarding the Adversarial Robustness of Retrieval-Based In-Context Learning
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.15984