Angular fractals in thermal QFT
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866910587956494336 |
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| author | Benjamin, Nathan Lee, Jaeha Pal, Sridip Simmons-Duffin, David Xu, Yixin |
| author_facet | Benjamin, Nathan Lee, Jaeha Pal, Sridip Simmons-Duffin, David Xu, Yixin |
| contents | We show that thermal effective field theory controls the long-distance expansion of the partition function of a $d$-dimensional QFT, with an insertion of any finite-order spatial isometry. Consequently, the thermal partition function on a sphere displays a fractal-like structure as a function of angular twist, reminiscent of the behavior of a modular form near the real line. As an example application, we find that for CFTs, the effective free energy of even-spin minus odd-spin operators at high temperature is smaller than the usual free energy by a factor of $1/2^d$. Near certain rational angles, the partition function receives subleading contributions from "Kaluza-Klein vortex defects" in the thermal EFT, which we classify. We illustrate our results with examples in free and holographic theories, and also discuss nonperturbative corrections from worldline instantons. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2405_17562 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Angular fractals in thermal QFT Benjamin, Nathan Lee, Jaeha Pal, Sridip Simmons-Duffin, David Xu, Yixin High Energy Physics - Theory We show that thermal effective field theory controls the long-distance expansion of the partition function of a $d$-dimensional QFT, with an insertion of any finite-order spatial isometry. Consequently, the thermal partition function on a sphere displays a fractal-like structure as a function of angular twist, reminiscent of the behavior of a modular form near the real line. As an example application, we find that for CFTs, the effective free energy of even-spin minus odd-spin operators at high temperature is smaller than the usual free energy by a factor of $1/2^d$. Near certain rational angles, the partition function receives subleading contributions from "Kaluza-Klein vortex defects" in the thermal EFT, which we classify. We illustrate our results with examples in free and holographic theories, and also discuss nonperturbative corrections from worldline instantons. |
| title | Angular fractals in thermal QFT |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.17562 |