Distributed quantum multiparameter estimation with optimal local measurements

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Pezzè, Luca, Smerzi, Augusto
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866913367201939456
author Pezzè, Luca
Smerzi, Augusto
author_facet Pezzè, Luca
Smerzi, Augusto
contents We study the multiparameter sensitivity bounds of a sensor made by an array of $d$ spatially-distributed Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). A generic single non-classical state is mixed with $d-1$ vacuums to create a $d$-modes entangled state, each mode entering one input port of a MZI, while a coherent state enters its second port. We show that local measurements, independently performed on each MZI, are sufficient to provide a sensitivity saturating the quantum Cramér-Rao bound. The sensor can overcome the shot noise limit for the estimation of arbitrary linear combinations of the $d$ phase shifts, provided that the non-classical probe state has an anti-squeezed quadrature variance. We compare the sensitivity bounds of this sensor with that achievable with $d$ independent MZIs, each probed with a nonclassical state and a coherent state. We find that the $d$ independent interferometers can achieve the same sensitivity of the entangled protocol but at the cost of using additional $d$ non-classical states rather than a single one. When using in the two protocols the same average number of particles per shot $\bar{n}_T$, we find analytically a sensitivity scaling $1/\bar{n}_T^2$ for the entangled case which provides a gain factor $d$ with respect to the separable case where the sensitivity scales as $d/\bar{n}_T^2$. We have numerical evidences that the gain factor $d$ is also obtained when fixing the total average number of particles, namely when optimizing with respect to the number of repeated measurements.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2405_18404
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Distributed quantum multiparameter estimation with optimal local measurements
Pezzè, Luca
Smerzi, Augusto
Quantum Physics
We study the multiparameter sensitivity bounds of a sensor made by an array of $d$ spatially-distributed Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). A generic single non-classical state is mixed with $d-1$ vacuums to create a $d$-modes entangled state, each mode entering one input port of a MZI, while a coherent state enters its second port. We show that local measurements, independently performed on each MZI, are sufficient to provide a sensitivity saturating the quantum Cramér-Rao bound. The sensor can overcome the shot noise limit for the estimation of arbitrary linear combinations of the $d$ phase shifts, provided that the non-classical probe state has an anti-squeezed quadrature variance. We compare the sensitivity bounds of this sensor with that achievable with $d$ independent MZIs, each probed with a nonclassical state and a coherent state. We find that the $d$ independent interferometers can achieve the same sensitivity of the entangled protocol but at the cost of using additional $d$ non-classical states rather than a single one. When using in the two protocols the same average number of particles per shot $\bar{n}_T$, we find analytically a sensitivity scaling $1/\bar{n}_T^2$ for the entangled case which provides a gain factor $d$ with respect to the separable case where the sensitivity scales as $d/\bar{n}_T^2$. We have numerical evidences that the gain factor $d$ is also obtained when fixing the total average number of particles, namely when optimizing with respect to the number of repeated measurements.
title Distributed quantum multiparameter estimation with optimal local measurements
topic Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.18404