Metallicity Dependence of Pressure-Regulated Feedback-Modulated Star Formation in the TIGRESS-NCR Simulation Suite
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2024
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| author | Kim, Chang-Goo Ostriker, Eve C. Kim, Jeong-Gyu Gong, Munan Bryan, Greg L. Fielding, Drummond B. Hassan, Sultan Ho, Matthew Jeffreson, Sarah M. R. Somerville, Rachel S. Steinwandel, Ulrich P. |
| author_facet | Kim, Chang-Goo Ostriker, Eve C. Kim, Jeong-Gyu Gong, Munan Bryan, Greg L. Fielding, Drummond B. Hassan, Sultan Ho, Matthew Jeffreson, Sarah M. R. Somerville, Rachel S. Steinwandel, Ulrich P. |
| contents | We present a new simulation suite for the star-forming interstellar medium (ISM) in galactic disks using the TIGRESS-NCR framework. Distinctive aspects of our simulation suite are: (1) sophisticated and comprehensive numerical treatments of essential physical processes including magnetohydrodynamics, self-gravity, and galactic differential rotation, as well as photochemistry, cooling, and heating coupled with ray-tracing UV radiation transfer and resolved supernova feedback and (2) wide parameter coverage including metallicity over $Z'\equiv Z/Z_\odot\sim0.1-3$, gas surface density $Σ_{\rm gas}\sim5-150 M_{\odot}{\rm pc^{-2}}$, and stellar surface density $Σ_{\rm star}\sim 1-50 M_{\odot}{\rm pc^{-2}}$. The range of emergent star formation rate surface density is $Σ_{\rm SFR}\sim 10^{-4}-0.5 M_{\odot}{\rm kpc^{-2}yr^{-1}}$ and ISM total midplane pressure is $P_{\rm tot}/k_B=10^3-10^6{\rm cm^{-3}K}$, with $P_{\rm tot}$ equal to the ISM weight $W$. For given $Σ_{\rm gas}$ and $Σ_{\rm star}$, we find $Σ_{\rm SFR} \propto Z'^{0.3}$. We provide an interpretation based on the pressure-regulated feedback-modulated (PRFM) star formation theory. We characterize feedback modulation in terms of the yield $Υ$, defined as the ratio of each stress to $Σ_{\rm SFR}$. The thermal feedback yield varies sensitively with both weight and metallicity as $Υ_{\rm th}\propto W^{-0.46}Z'^{-0.53}$, while the combined turbulent and magnetic feedback yield shows weaker dependence $Υ_{\rm turb+mag}\propto W^{-0.22}Z'^{-0.18}$. The reduction in $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ at low metallicity is due mainly to enhanced thermal feedback yield, resulting from reduced attenuation of UV radiation. With the metallicity-dependent calibrations we provide, PRFM theory can be used for a new subgrid star formation prescription in cosmological simulations where the ISM is unresolved. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2405_19227 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Metallicity Dependence of Pressure-Regulated Feedback-Modulated Star Formation in the TIGRESS-NCR Simulation Suite Kim, Chang-Goo Ostriker, Eve C. Kim, Jeong-Gyu Gong, Munan Bryan, Greg L. Fielding, Drummond B. Hassan, Sultan Ho, Matthew Jeffreson, Sarah M. R. Somerville, Rachel S. Steinwandel, Ulrich P. Astrophysics of Galaxies We present a new simulation suite for the star-forming interstellar medium (ISM) in galactic disks using the TIGRESS-NCR framework. Distinctive aspects of our simulation suite are: (1) sophisticated and comprehensive numerical treatments of essential physical processes including magnetohydrodynamics, self-gravity, and galactic differential rotation, as well as photochemistry, cooling, and heating coupled with ray-tracing UV radiation transfer and resolved supernova feedback and (2) wide parameter coverage including metallicity over $Z'\equiv Z/Z_\odot\sim0.1-3$, gas surface density $Σ_{\rm gas}\sim5-150 M_{\odot}{\rm pc^{-2}}$, and stellar surface density $Σ_{\rm star}\sim 1-50 M_{\odot}{\rm pc^{-2}}$. The range of emergent star formation rate surface density is $Σ_{\rm SFR}\sim 10^{-4}-0.5 M_{\odot}{\rm kpc^{-2}yr^{-1}}$ and ISM total midplane pressure is $P_{\rm tot}/k_B=10^3-10^6{\rm cm^{-3}K}$, with $P_{\rm tot}$ equal to the ISM weight $W$. For given $Σ_{\rm gas}$ and $Σ_{\rm star}$, we find $Σ_{\rm SFR} \propto Z'^{0.3}$. We provide an interpretation based on the pressure-regulated feedback-modulated (PRFM) star formation theory. We characterize feedback modulation in terms of the yield $Υ$, defined as the ratio of each stress to $Σ_{\rm SFR}$. The thermal feedback yield varies sensitively with both weight and metallicity as $Υ_{\rm th}\propto W^{-0.46}Z'^{-0.53}$, while the combined turbulent and magnetic feedback yield shows weaker dependence $Υ_{\rm turb+mag}\propto W^{-0.22}Z'^{-0.18}$. The reduction in $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ at low metallicity is due mainly to enhanced thermal feedback yield, resulting from reduced attenuation of UV radiation. With the metallicity-dependent calibrations we provide, PRFM theory can be used for a new subgrid star formation prescription in cosmological simulations where the ISM is unresolved. |
| title | Metallicity Dependence of Pressure-Regulated Feedback-Modulated Star Formation in the TIGRESS-NCR Simulation Suite |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.19227 |