CLT for Linear Spectral Statistics in High-Dimensional Random Effects Models
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2024
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| author | Xie, Ran Johnstone, Iain |
| author_facet | Xie, Ran Johnstone, Iain |
| contents | We study sample covariance matrices arising from multi-level components of variance. Thus, let $ B_n=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{j=1}^NT_{j}^{1/2}x_jx_j^TT_{j}^{1/2}$, where $x_j\in R^n$ are i.i.d. standard Gaussian, and $T_{j}=\sum_{r=1}^kl_{jr}^2Σ_{r}$ are $n\times n$ real symmetric matrices with bounded spectral norm, corresponding to $k$ levels of variation. As the matrix dimensions $n$ and $N$ increase proportionally, we show that the linear spectral statistics (LSS) of $B_n$ have Gaussian limits. The CLT is expressed as the convergence of a set of LSS to a standard multivariate Gaussian after centering by a mean vector $Γ_n$ and a covariance matrix $Λ_n$ which depend on $n$ and $N$ and may be evaluated numerically. Our work is motivated by the estimation of high-dimensional covariance matrices between phenotypic traits in quantitative genetics, particularly within nested linear random-effects models with up to $k$ levels of randomness. Our proof builds on the Bai-Silverstein \cite{baisilverstein2004} martingale method with some innovation to handle the multi-level setting. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2406_03719 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | CLT for Linear Spectral Statistics in High-Dimensional Random Effects Models Xie, Ran Johnstone, Iain Probability Statistics Theory We study sample covariance matrices arising from multi-level components of variance. Thus, let $ B_n=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{j=1}^NT_{j}^{1/2}x_jx_j^TT_{j}^{1/2}$, where $x_j\in R^n$ are i.i.d. standard Gaussian, and $T_{j}=\sum_{r=1}^kl_{jr}^2Σ_{r}$ are $n\times n$ real symmetric matrices with bounded spectral norm, corresponding to $k$ levels of variation. As the matrix dimensions $n$ and $N$ increase proportionally, we show that the linear spectral statistics (LSS) of $B_n$ have Gaussian limits. The CLT is expressed as the convergence of a set of LSS to a standard multivariate Gaussian after centering by a mean vector $Γ_n$ and a covariance matrix $Λ_n$ which depend on $n$ and $N$ and may be evaluated numerically. Our work is motivated by the estimation of high-dimensional covariance matrices between phenotypic traits in quantitative genetics, particularly within nested linear random-effects models with up to $k$ levels of randomness. Our proof builds on the Bai-Silverstein \cite{baisilverstein2004} martingale method with some innovation to handle the multi-level setting. |
| title | CLT for Linear Spectral Statistics in High-Dimensional Random Effects Models |
| topic | Probability Statistics Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.03719 |