Different Planetary Eccentricity-Period (PEP) Distributions of Small- and Giant-Planets
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Bashi, Dolev Mazeh, Tsevi Faigler, Simchon |
| author_facet | Bashi, Dolev Mazeh, Tsevi Faigler, Simchon |
| contents | We used the database of $1040$ short-period ($1 \leq P < 200$ days) exoplanets radial-velocity (RV) orbits to study the planetary eccentricity-period (PEP) distribution. We first divided the sample into low- and high-mass exoplanet sub-samples based on the distribution of the (minimum) planetary masses, which displays a clear two-Gaussian distribution, separated at $0.165M_J$. We then selected $216$ orbits, low- and high-mass alike, with eccentricities significantly distinct from circular orbits. The $131$ giant-planet eccentric orbits display a clear upper envelope, which we model quantitatively, rises monotonically from zero eccentricity and reaches an eccentricity of $0.8$ at $P \sim 100$ days. Conversely, the $85$ low-mass planetary orbits display a flat eccentricity distribution between $0.1$ and $0.5$, with almost no dependence on the orbital period. We show that the striking difference between the two PEP distributions is not a result of the detection technique used. The upper envelope of the high-mass planets, also seen in short-period binary stars, is a clear signature of tidal circularization, which probably took place inside the planets, while the small-planet PEP distribution suggests that the circularization was not effective, probably due to dynamical interactions with neighboring planets. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2406_09337 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Different Planetary Eccentricity-Period (PEP) Distributions of Small- and Giant-Planets Bashi, Dolev Mazeh, Tsevi Faigler, Simchon Earth and Planetary Astrophysics We used the database of $1040$ short-period ($1 \leq P < 200$ days) exoplanets radial-velocity (RV) orbits to study the planetary eccentricity-period (PEP) distribution. We first divided the sample into low- and high-mass exoplanet sub-samples based on the distribution of the (minimum) planetary masses, which displays a clear two-Gaussian distribution, separated at $0.165M_J$. We then selected $216$ orbits, low- and high-mass alike, with eccentricities significantly distinct from circular orbits. The $131$ giant-planet eccentric orbits display a clear upper envelope, which we model quantitatively, rises monotonically from zero eccentricity and reaches an eccentricity of $0.8$ at $P \sim 100$ days. Conversely, the $85$ low-mass planetary orbits display a flat eccentricity distribution between $0.1$ and $0.5$, with almost no dependence on the orbital period. We show that the striking difference between the two PEP distributions is not a result of the detection technique used. The upper envelope of the high-mass planets, also seen in short-period binary stars, is a clear signature of tidal circularization, which probably took place inside the planets, while the small-planet PEP distribution suggests that the circularization was not effective, probably due to dynamical interactions with neighboring planets. |
| title | Different Planetary Eccentricity-Period (PEP) Distributions of Small- and Giant-Planets |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.09337 |