Congruences for sums of MacMahon's $q$-Catalan polynomials

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Main Authors: Amdeberhan, Tewodros, Tauraso, Roberto
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Amdeberhan, Tewodros
Tauraso, Roberto
author_facet Amdeberhan, Tewodros
Tauraso, Roberto
contents One variant of the $q$-Catalan polynomials is defined in terms of Gaussian polynomials by $\mathcal{C}_k(q)=\genfrac{[}{]}{0pt}{}{2k}{k}_q-q\genfrac{[}{]}{0pt}{}{2k}{k+1}_q$. Liu studied congruences of the form $\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} q^k\mathcal{C}_k$ modulo the cyclotomic polynomial $Φ_n(q)^2$, provided that $n\equiv\pm 1\pmod3$. Apparently the case $n\equiv 0\pmod3$ has been missing from the literature. It is our primary purpose to fill this gap by the current work. In addition, we discuss certain fascinating link to Dirichlet character sum identities.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2406_12332
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Congruences for sums of MacMahon's $q$-Catalan polynomials
Amdeberhan, Tewodros
Tauraso, Roberto
Number Theory
Combinatorics
11B65, 11A07, 05A10, 05A19
One variant of the $q$-Catalan polynomials is defined in terms of Gaussian polynomials by $\mathcal{C}_k(q)=\genfrac{[}{]}{0pt}{}{2k}{k}_q-q\genfrac{[}{]}{0pt}{}{2k}{k+1}_q$. Liu studied congruences of the form $\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} q^k\mathcal{C}_k$ modulo the cyclotomic polynomial $Φ_n(q)^2$, provided that $n\equiv\pm 1\pmod3$. Apparently the case $n\equiv 0\pmod3$ has been missing from the literature. It is our primary purpose to fill this gap by the current work. In addition, we discuss certain fascinating link to Dirichlet character sum identities.
title Congruences for sums of MacMahon's $q$-Catalan polynomials
topic Number Theory
Combinatorics
11B65, 11A07, 05A10, 05A19
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.12332