Automated Clinical Data Extraction with Knowledge Conditioned LLMs

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Li, Diya, Kadav, Asim, Gao, Aijing, Li, Rui, Bourgon, Richard
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
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author Li, Diya
Kadav, Asim
Gao, Aijing
Li, Rui
Bourgon, Richard
author_facet Li, Diya
Kadav, Asim
Gao, Aijing
Li, Rui
Bourgon, Richard
contents The extraction of lung lesion information from clinical and medical imaging reports is crucial for research on and clinical care of lung-related diseases. Large language models (LLMs) can be effective at interpreting unstructured text in reports, but they often hallucinate due to a lack of domain-specific knowledge, leading to reduced accuracy and posing challenges for use in clinical settings. To address this, we propose a novel framework that aligns generated internal knowledge with external knowledge through in-context learning (ICL). Our framework employs a retriever to identify relevant units of internal or external knowledge and a grader to evaluate the truthfulness and helpfulness of the retrieved internal-knowledge rules, to align and update the knowledge bases. Experiments with expert-curated test datasets demonstrate that this ICL approach can increase the F1 score for key fields (lesion size, margin and solidity) by an average of 12.9% over existing ICL methods.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2406_18027
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Automated Clinical Data Extraction with Knowledge Conditioned LLMs
Li, Diya
Kadav, Asim
Gao, Aijing
Li, Rui
Bourgon, Richard
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
The extraction of lung lesion information from clinical and medical imaging reports is crucial for research on and clinical care of lung-related diseases. Large language models (LLMs) can be effective at interpreting unstructured text in reports, but they often hallucinate due to a lack of domain-specific knowledge, leading to reduced accuracy and posing challenges for use in clinical settings. To address this, we propose a novel framework that aligns generated internal knowledge with external knowledge through in-context learning (ICL). Our framework employs a retriever to identify relevant units of internal or external knowledge and a grader to evaluate the truthfulness and helpfulness of the retrieved internal-knowledge rules, to align and update the knowledge bases. Experiments with expert-curated test datasets demonstrate that this ICL approach can increase the F1 score for key fields (lesion size, margin and solidity) by an average of 12.9% over existing ICL methods.
title Automated Clinical Data Extraction with Knowledge Conditioned LLMs
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.18027