Experimental observation of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866913407068798976 |
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| author | Ning, Wen Zheng, Ri-Hua Lü, Jia-Hao Wu, Fan Yang, Zhen-Biao Zheng, Shi-Biao |
| author_facet | Ning, Wen Zheng, Ri-Hua Lü, Jia-Hao Wu, Fan Yang, Zhen-Biao Zheng, Shi-Biao |
| contents | Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) plays a central role in understanding a large variety of phenomena associated with phase transitions, such as superfluid and superconductivity. So far, the transition from a symmetric vacuum to a macroscopically ordered phase has been substantially explored. The process bridging these two distinct phases is critical to understanding how a classical world emerges from a quantum phase transition, but so far remains unexplored in experiment. We here report an experimental demonstration of such a process with a quantum Rabi model engineered with a superconducting circuit. We move the system from the normal phase to the superradiant phase featuring two symmetry-breaking field components, one of which is observed to emerge as the classical reality. The results demonstrate that the environment-induced decoherence plays a critical role in the SSB. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2406_19624 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Experimental observation of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition Ning, Wen Zheng, Ri-Hua Lü, Jia-Hao Wu, Fan Yang, Zhen-Biao Zheng, Shi-Biao Quantum Physics Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) plays a central role in understanding a large variety of phenomena associated with phase transitions, such as superfluid and superconductivity. So far, the transition from a symmetric vacuum to a macroscopically ordered phase has been substantially explored. The process bridging these two distinct phases is critical to understanding how a classical world emerges from a quantum phase transition, but so far remains unexplored in experiment. We here report an experimental demonstration of such a process with a quantum Rabi model engineered with a superconducting circuit. We move the system from the normal phase to the superradiant phase featuring two symmetry-breaking field components, one of which is observed to emerge as the classical reality. The results demonstrate that the environment-induced decoherence plays a critical role in the SSB. |
| title | Experimental observation of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.19624 |