Electron-Ion Temperature Ratio in Transrelativistic Unmagnetized Shock Waves
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Vanthieghem, Arno Tsiolis, Vasileios Fiuza, Frederico Sekiguchi, Kazuhiro Spitkovsky, Anatoly Todo, Yasushi |
| author_facet | Vanthieghem, Arno Tsiolis, Vasileios Fiuza, Frederico Sekiguchi, Kazuhiro Spitkovsky, Anatoly Todo, Yasushi |
| contents | Weakly magnetized shock waves are paramount to a large diversity of environments, including supernova remnants, blazars, and binary-neutron-star mergers. Understanding the distribution of energy between electrons and ions within these astrophysical shock waves spanning a wide spectrum of velocities is a long-standing challenge. In this study, we present a unified model for the downstream electron temperature within unmagnetized shock waves. Encompassing velocities from Newtonian to relativistic, we probe regimes representative of the gradual deceleration of the forward shock in the late gamma-ray burst afterglow phase, such as GRB 170817A. In our model, heating results from an ambipolar electric field generated by the difference in inertia between electrons and ions, coupled with rapid electron scattering in the decelerating turbulence. Our findings demonstrate that the electron temperature consistently represents $10\%$ of the incoming ion kinetic energy in the shock front frame over the full range of shock velocities. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2407_03838 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Electron-Ion Temperature Ratio in Transrelativistic Unmagnetized Shock Waves Vanthieghem, Arno Tsiolis, Vasileios Fiuza, Frederico Sekiguchi, Kazuhiro Spitkovsky, Anatoly Todo, Yasushi High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Plasma Physics Weakly magnetized shock waves are paramount to a large diversity of environments, including supernova remnants, blazars, and binary-neutron-star mergers. Understanding the distribution of energy between electrons and ions within these astrophysical shock waves spanning a wide spectrum of velocities is a long-standing challenge. In this study, we present a unified model for the downstream electron temperature within unmagnetized shock waves. Encompassing velocities from Newtonian to relativistic, we probe regimes representative of the gradual deceleration of the forward shock in the late gamma-ray burst afterglow phase, such as GRB 170817A. In our model, heating results from an ambipolar electric field generated by the difference in inertia between electrons and ions, coupled with rapid electron scattering in the decelerating turbulence. Our findings demonstrate that the electron temperature consistently represents $10\%$ of the incoming ion kinetic energy in the shock front frame over the full range of shock velocities. |
| title | Electron-Ion Temperature Ratio in Transrelativistic Unmagnetized Shock Waves |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena Plasma Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.03838 |