Analysis of the full Spitzer microlensing sample I: Dark remnant candidates and Gaia predictions
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Shvartzvald, Yossi Yee, Jennifer C. Novati, Sebastiano Calchi Ofek, Eran O. Bond, Ian A. Beichman, Charles Bryden, Geoff Carey, Sean Henderson, Calen Zhu, Wei Fausnaugh, Michael M. Wibking, Benjamin Udalski, Andrzej Poleski, Radek Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michal K. Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Skowron, Jan Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Iwanek, Patryk Wrona, Marcin Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Han, Cheongho Hwang, Kyu-Ha Jung, Youn Kil Shin, In-Gu Yang, Hongjing Zang, Weicheng Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Hyoun-Woo Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Chung-Uk Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Abe, Fumio Barry, Richard Bennett, David P. Bhattacharya, Aparna Fukui, Akihiko Hamada, Ryusei Hamada, Shunya Hamasaki, Naoto Hirao, Yuki Silva, Stela Ishitani Itow, Yoshitaka Kirikawa, Rintaro Koshimoto, Naoki Matsubara, Yutaka Miyazaki, Shota Muraki, Yasushi Nagai, Tutumi NUNOTA, Kansuke Olmschenk, Greg Ranc, Clement Rattenbury, Nicholas J. Satoh, Yuki K. Sumi, Takahiro Suzuki, Daisuke Tristram, Paul . J. Vandorou, Aikaterini Yama, Hibiki Wyrzykowski, Lukasz Howil, Kornel Kruszyńska, Katarzyna |
| author_facet | Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Shvartzvald, Yossi Yee, Jennifer C. Novati, Sebastiano Calchi Ofek, Eran O. Bond, Ian A. Beichman, Charles Bryden, Geoff Carey, Sean Henderson, Calen Zhu, Wei Fausnaugh, Michael M. Wibking, Benjamin Udalski, Andrzej Poleski, Radek Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michal K. Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Skowron, Jan Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Iwanek, Patryk Wrona, Marcin Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Han, Cheongho Hwang, Kyu-Ha Jung, Youn Kil Shin, In-Gu Yang, Hongjing Zang, Weicheng Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Hyoun-Woo Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Chung-Uk Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Abe, Fumio Barry, Richard Bennett, David P. Bhattacharya, Aparna Fukui, Akihiko Hamada, Ryusei Hamada, Shunya Hamasaki, Naoto Hirao, Yuki Silva, Stela Ishitani Itow, Yoshitaka Kirikawa, Rintaro Koshimoto, Naoki Matsubara, Yutaka Miyazaki, Shota Muraki, Yasushi Nagai, Tutumi NUNOTA, Kansuke Olmschenk, Greg Ranc, Clement Rattenbury, Nicholas J. Satoh, Yuki K. Sumi, Takahiro Suzuki, Daisuke Tristram, Paul . J. Vandorou, Aikaterini Yama, Hibiki Wyrzykowski, Lukasz Howil, Kornel Kruszyńska, Katarzyna |
| contents | In the pursuit of understanding the population of stellar remnants within the Milky Way, we analyze the sample of $\sim 950$ microlensing events observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope between 2014 and 2019. In this study we focus on a sub-sample of nine microlensing events, selected based on their long timescales, small microlensing parallaxes and joint observations by the Gaia mission, to increase the probability that the chosen lenses are massive and the mass is measurable. Among the selected events we identify lensing black holes and neutron star candidates, with potential confirmation through forthcoming release of the Gaia time-series astrometry in 2026. Utilizing Bayesian analysis and Galactic models, along with the Gaia Data Release 3 proper motion data, four good candidates for dark remnants were identified: OGLE-2016-BLG-0293, OGLE-2018-BLG-0483, OGLE-2018-BLG-0662, and OGLE-2015-BLG-0149, with lens masses of $2.98^{+1.75}_{-1.28}~M_{\odot}$, $4.65^{+3.12}_{-2.08}~M_{\odot}$, $3.15^{+0.66}_{-0.64}~M_{\odot}$ and $1.4^{+0.75}_{-0.55}~M_{\odot}$, respectively. Notably, the first two candidates are expected to exhibit astrometric microlensing signals detectable by Gaia, offering the prospect of validating the lens masses. The methodologies developed in this work will be applied to the full Spitzer microlensing sample, populating and analyzing the time-scale ($t_{\rm E}$) vs. parallax ($π_{\rm E}$) diagram to derive constraints on the population of lenses in general and massive remnants in particular. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2407_13740 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Analysis of the full Spitzer microlensing sample I: Dark remnant candidates and Gaia predictions Rybicki, Krzysztof A. Shvartzvald, Yossi Yee, Jennifer C. Novati, Sebastiano Calchi Ofek, Eran O. Bond, Ian A. Beichman, Charles Bryden, Geoff Carey, Sean Henderson, Calen Zhu, Wei Fausnaugh, Michael M. Wibking, Benjamin Udalski, Andrzej Poleski, Radek Mróz, Przemek Szymański, Michal K. Soszyński, Igor Pietrukowicz, Paweł Kozłowski, Szymon Skowron, Jan Ulaczyk, Krzysztof Iwanek, Patryk Wrona, Marcin Ryu, Yoon-Hyun Albrow, Michael D. Chung, Sun-Ju Gould, Andrew Han, Cheongho Hwang, Kyu-Ha Jung, Youn Kil Shin, In-Gu Yang, Hongjing Zang, Weicheng Cha, Sang-Mok Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Hyoun-Woo Kim, Seung-Lee Lee, Chung-Uk Lee, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Park, Byeong-Gon Pogge, Richard W. Abe, Fumio Barry, Richard Bennett, David P. Bhattacharya, Aparna Fukui, Akihiko Hamada, Ryusei Hamada, Shunya Hamasaki, Naoto Hirao, Yuki Silva, Stela Ishitani Itow, Yoshitaka Kirikawa, Rintaro Koshimoto, Naoki Matsubara, Yutaka Miyazaki, Shota Muraki, Yasushi Nagai, Tutumi NUNOTA, Kansuke Olmschenk, Greg Ranc, Clement Rattenbury, Nicholas J. Satoh, Yuki K. Sumi, Takahiro Suzuki, Daisuke Tristram, Paul . J. Vandorou, Aikaterini Yama, Hibiki Wyrzykowski, Lukasz Howil, Kornel Kruszyńska, Katarzyna Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics In the pursuit of understanding the population of stellar remnants within the Milky Way, we analyze the sample of $\sim 950$ microlensing events observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope between 2014 and 2019. In this study we focus on a sub-sample of nine microlensing events, selected based on their long timescales, small microlensing parallaxes and joint observations by the Gaia mission, to increase the probability that the chosen lenses are massive and the mass is measurable. Among the selected events we identify lensing black holes and neutron star candidates, with potential confirmation through forthcoming release of the Gaia time-series astrometry in 2026. Utilizing Bayesian analysis and Galactic models, along with the Gaia Data Release 3 proper motion data, four good candidates for dark remnants were identified: OGLE-2016-BLG-0293, OGLE-2018-BLG-0483, OGLE-2018-BLG-0662, and OGLE-2015-BLG-0149, with lens masses of $2.98^{+1.75}_{-1.28}~M_{\odot}$, $4.65^{+3.12}_{-2.08}~M_{\odot}$, $3.15^{+0.66}_{-0.64}~M_{\odot}$ and $1.4^{+0.75}_{-0.55}~M_{\odot}$, respectively. Notably, the first two candidates are expected to exhibit astrometric microlensing signals detectable by Gaia, offering the prospect of validating the lens masses. The methodologies developed in this work will be applied to the full Spitzer microlensing sample, populating and analyzing the time-scale ($t_{\rm E}$) vs. parallax ($π_{\rm E}$) diagram to derive constraints on the population of lenses in general and massive remnants in particular. |
| title | Analysis of the full Spitzer microlensing sample I: Dark remnant candidates and Gaia predictions |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.13740 |