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Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): a spectroscopic VLT monitoring survey of massive stars in the SMC

Fuente: arXiv

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Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux:	Shenar, T., Bodensteiner, J., Sana, H., Crowther, P. A., Lennon, D. J., Abdul-Masih, M., Almeida, L. A., Backs, F., Berlanas, S. R., Bernini-Peron, M., Bestenlehner, J. M., Bowman, D. M., Bronner, V. A., Britavskiy, N., de Koter, A., de Mink, S. E., Deshmukh, K., Evans, C. J., Fabry, M., Gieles, M., Gilkis, A., González-Torà, G., Gräfener, G., Götberg, Y., Hawcroft, C., Hénault-Brunet, V., Herrero, A., Holgado, G., Janssens, S., Johnston, C., Josiek, J., Justham, S., Kalari, V. M., Katabi, Z. Z., Keszthelyi, Z., Klencki, J., Kubát, J., Kubátová, B., Langer, N., Lefever, R. R., Ludwig, B., Mackey, J., Mahy, L., Apellániz, J. Maíz, Mandel, I., Maravelias, G., Marchant, P., Menon, A., Najarro, F., Oskinova, L. M., Ovadia, A. J. G. O'Grady R., Patrick, L. R., Pauli, D., Pawlak, M., Ramachandran, V., Renzo, M., Rocha, D. F., Sander, A. A. C., Sayada, T., Schneider, F. R. N., Schootemeijer, A., Schösser, E. C., Schürmann, C., Sen, K., Shahaf, S., Simón-Díaz, S., Stoop, M., van Loon, J. Th., Toonen, S., Tramper, F., Valli, R., van Son, L. A. C., Vigna-Gómez, A., Villaseñor, J. I., Vink, J. S., Wang, C., Willcox, R.
Format:	Preprint
Publié:	2024
Sujets:	Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies
Accès en ligne:	Acceder al recurso
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_version_	1866908588003295232
author	Shenar, T. Bodensteiner, J. Sana, H. Crowther, P. A. Lennon, D. J. Abdul-Masih, M. Almeida, L. A. Backs, F. Berlanas, S. R. Bernini-Peron, M. Bestenlehner, J. M. Bowman, D. M. Bronner, V. A. Britavskiy, N. de Koter, A. de Mink, S. E. Deshmukh, K. Evans, C. J. Fabry, M. Gieles, M. Gilkis, A. González-Torà, G. Gräfener, G. Götberg, Y. Hawcroft, C. Hénault-Brunet, V. Herrero, A. Holgado, G. Janssens, S. Johnston, C. Josiek, J. Justham, S. Kalari, V. M. Katabi, Z. Z. Keszthelyi, Z. Klencki, J. Kubát, J. Kubátová, B. Langer, N. Lefever, R. R. Ludwig, B. Mackey, J. Mahy, L. Apellániz, J. Maíz Mandel, I. Maravelias, G. Marchant, P. Menon, A. Najarro, F. Oskinova, L. M. Ovadia, A. J. G. O'Grady R. Patrick, L. R. Pauli, D. Pawlak, M. Ramachandran, V. Renzo, M. Rocha, D. F. Sander, A. A. C. Sayada, T. Schneider, F. R. N. Schootemeijer, A. Schösser, E. C. Schürmann, C. Sen, K. Shahaf, S. Simón-Díaz, S. Stoop, M. van Loon, J. Th. Toonen, S. Tramper, F. Valli, R. van Son, L. A. C. Vigna-Gómez, A. Villaseñor, J. I. Vink, J. S. Wang, C. Willcox, R.
author_facet	Shenar, T. Bodensteiner, J. Sana, H. Crowther, P. A. Lennon, D. J. Abdul-Masih, M. Almeida, L. A. Backs, F. Berlanas, S. R. Bernini-Peron, M. Bestenlehner, J. M. Bowman, D. M. Bronner, V. A. Britavskiy, N. de Koter, A. de Mink, S. E. Deshmukh, K. Evans, C. J. Fabry, M. Gieles, M. Gilkis, A. González-Torà, G. Gräfener, G. Götberg, Y. Hawcroft, C. Hénault-Brunet, V. Herrero, A. Holgado, G. Janssens, S. Johnston, C. Josiek, J. Justham, S. Kalari, V. M. Katabi, Z. Z. Keszthelyi, Z. Klencki, J. Kubát, J. Kubátová, B. Langer, N. Lefever, R. R. Ludwig, B. Mackey, J. Mahy, L. Apellániz, J. Maíz Mandel, I. Maravelias, G. Marchant, P. Menon, A. Najarro, F. Oskinova, L. M. Ovadia, A. J. G. O'Grady R. Patrick, L. R. Pauli, D. Pawlak, M. Ramachandran, V. Renzo, M. Rocha, D. F. Sander, A. A. C. Sayada, T. Schneider, F. R. N. Schootemeijer, A. Schösser, E. C. Schürmann, C. Sen, K. Shahaf, S. Simón-Díaz, S. Stoop, M. van Loon, J. Th. Toonen, S. Tramper, F. Valli, R. van Son, L. A. C. Vigna-Gómez, A. Villaseñor, J. I. Vink, J. S. Wang, C. Willcox, R.
contents	Surveys in the Milky Way and Large Magellanic Cloud revealed that the majority of massive stars will interact with companions during their lives. However, knowledge of the binary properties of massive stars at low metallicity, which approaches the conditions of the Early Universe, remains sparse. We present the Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM) campaign - an ESO large programme designed to obtain 25 epochs of spectroscopy for 929 massive stars in the SMC - the lowest metallicity conditions in which multiplicity is probed to date (Z = 0.2 Zsun). BLOeM will provide (i) the binary fraction, (ii) the orbital configurations of systems with periods P < 3 yr, (iii) dormant OB+BH binaries, and (iv) a legacy database of physical parameters of massive stars at low metallicity. The stars are observed with the LR02 setup of the giraffe instrument of the Very Large Telescope (3960-4570A, resolving power R=6200; typical signal-to-noise ratio S/N=70-100). This paper utilises the first 9 epochs obtained over a three-month time. We describe the survey and data reduction, perform a spectral classification of the stacked spectra, and construct a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of the sample via spectral-type and photometric calibrations. The sample covers spectral types from O4 to F5, spanning the effective temperature and luminosity ranges 6.5<Teff/kK<45 and 3.7<log L/Lsun<6.1 and initial masses 8<Mini/Msun<80. It comprises 159 O-type stars, 331 early B-type (B0-3) dwarfs and giants (luminosity classes V-III), 303 early B-type supergiants (II-I), and 136 late-type supergiants. At least 82 stars are Oe/Be stars: 20 O-type and 62 B-type (13% and 11% of the respective samples). In addition, it includes 4 high-mass X-ray binaries, 3 stars resembling luminous blue variables, 2 bloated stripped-star candidates, 2 candidate magnetic stars, and 74 eclipsing binaries.
format	Preprint
id	arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2407_14593
institution	arXiv
publishDate	2024
record_format	arxiv
spellingShingle	Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): a spectroscopic VLT monitoring survey of massive stars in the SMC Shenar, T. Bodensteiner, J. Sana, H. Crowther, P. A. Lennon, D. J. Abdul-Masih, M. Almeida, L. A. Backs, F. Berlanas, S. R. Bernini-Peron, M. Bestenlehner, J. M. Bowman, D. M. Bronner, V. A. Britavskiy, N. de Koter, A. de Mink, S. E. Deshmukh, K. Evans, C. J. Fabry, M. Gieles, M. Gilkis, A. González-Torà, G. Gräfener, G. Götberg, Y. Hawcroft, C. Hénault-Brunet, V. Herrero, A. Holgado, G. Janssens, S. Johnston, C. Josiek, J. Justham, S. Kalari, V. M. Katabi, Z. Z. Keszthelyi, Z. Klencki, J. Kubát, J. Kubátová, B. Langer, N. Lefever, R. R. Ludwig, B. Mackey, J. Mahy, L. Apellániz, J. Maíz Mandel, I. Maravelias, G. Marchant, P. Menon, A. Najarro, F. Oskinova, L. M. Ovadia, A. J. G. O'Grady R. Patrick, L. R. Pauli, D. Pawlak, M. Ramachandran, V. Renzo, M. Rocha, D. F. Sander, A. A. C. Sayada, T. Schneider, F. R. N. Schootemeijer, A. Schösser, E. C. Schürmann, C. Sen, K. Shahaf, S. Simón-Díaz, S. Stoop, M. van Loon, J. Th. Toonen, S. Tramper, F. Valli, R. van Son, L. A. C. Vigna-Gómez, A. Villaseñor, J. I. Vink, J. S. Wang, C. Willcox, R. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Surveys in the Milky Way and Large Magellanic Cloud revealed that the majority of massive stars will interact with companions during their lives. However, knowledge of the binary properties of massive stars at low metallicity, which approaches the conditions of the Early Universe, remains sparse. We present the Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM) campaign - an ESO large programme designed to obtain 25 epochs of spectroscopy for 929 massive stars in the SMC - the lowest metallicity conditions in which multiplicity is probed to date (Z = 0.2 Zsun). BLOeM will provide (i) the binary fraction, (ii) the orbital configurations of systems with periods P < 3 yr, (iii) dormant OB+BH binaries, and (iv) a legacy database of physical parameters of massive stars at low metallicity. The stars are observed with the LR02 setup of the giraffe instrument of the Very Large Telescope (3960-4570A, resolving power R=6200; typical signal-to-noise ratio S/N=70-100). This paper utilises the first 9 epochs obtained over a three-month time. We describe the survey and data reduction, perform a spectral classification of the stacked spectra, and construct a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram of the sample via spectral-type and photometric calibrations. The sample covers spectral types from O4 to F5, spanning the effective temperature and luminosity ranges 6.5<Teff/kK<45 and 3.7<log L/Lsun<6.1 and initial masses 8<Mini/Msun<80. It comprises 159 O-type stars, 331 early B-type (B0-3) dwarfs and giants (luminosity classes V-III), 303 early B-type supergiants (II-I), and 136 late-type supergiants. At least 82 stars are Oe/Be stars: 20 O-type and 62 B-type (13% and 11% of the respective samples). In addition, it includes 4 high-mass X-ray binaries, 3 stars resembling luminous blue variables, 2 bloated stripped-star candidates, 2 candidate magnetic stars, and 74 eclipsing binaries.
title	Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): a spectroscopic VLT monitoring survey of massive stars in the SMC
topic	Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies
url	https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.14593