Number of Subgraphs and Their Converses in Tournaments and New Digraph Polynomials

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ai, Jiangdong, Gutin, Gregory, Lei, Hui, Yeo, Anders, Zhou, Yacong
Format: Preprint
Published: 2024
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866909266853494784
author Ai, Jiangdong
Gutin, Gregory
Lei, Hui
Yeo, Anders
Zhou, Yacong
author_facet Ai, Jiangdong
Gutin, Gregory
Lei, Hui
Yeo, Anders
Zhou, Yacong
contents An oriented graph $D$ is converse invariant if, for any tournament $T$, the number of copies of $D$ in $T$ is equal to that of its converse $-D$. El Sahili and Ghazo Hanna [J. Graph Theory 102 (2023), 684-701] showed that any oriented graph $D$ with maximum degree at most 2 is converse invariant. They proposed a question: Can we characterize all converse invariant oriented graphs? In this paper, we introduce a digraph polynomial and employ it to give a necessary condition for an oriented graph to be converse invariant. This polynomial serves as a cornerstone in proving all the results presented in this paper. In particular, we characterize all orientations of trees with diameter at most 3 that are converse invariant. We also show that all orientations of regular graphs are not converse invariant if $D$ and $-D$ have different degree sequences. In addition, in contrast to the findings of El Sahili and Ghazo Hanna, we prove that every connected graph $G$ with maximum degree at least $3$, admits an orientation $D$ of $G$ such that $D$ is not converse invariant. We pose one conjecture.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2407_17051
institution arXiv
publishDate 2024
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Number of Subgraphs and Their Converses in Tournaments and New Digraph Polynomials
Ai, Jiangdong
Gutin, Gregory
Lei, Hui
Yeo, Anders
Zhou, Yacong
Combinatorics
Discrete Mathematics
An oriented graph $D$ is converse invariant if, for any tournament $T$, the number of copies of $D$ in $T$ is equal to that of its converse $-D$. El Sahili and Ghazo Hanna [J. Graph Theory 102 (2023), 684-701] showed that any oriented graph $D$ with maximum degree at most 2 is converse invariant. They proposed a question: Can we characterize all converse invariant oriented graphs? In this paper, we introduce a digraph polynomial and employ it to give a necessary condition for an oriented graph to be converse invariant. This polynomial serves as a cornerstone in proving all the results presented in this paper. In particular, we characterize all orientations of trees with diameter at most 3 that are converse invariant. We also show that all orientations of regular graphs are not converse invariant if $D$ and $-D$ have different degree sequences. In addition, in contrast to the findings of El Sahili and Ghazo Hanna, we prove that every connected graph $G$ with maximum degree at least $3$, admits an orientation $D$ of $G$ such that $D$ is not converse invariant. We pose one conjecture.
title Number of Subgraphs and Their Converses in Tournaments and New Digraph Polynomials
topic Combinatorics
Discrete Mathematics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17051