Quantum Computing Universal Thermalization Dynamics in a (2+1)D Lattice Gauge Theory
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| _version_ | 1866909793576288256 |
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| author | Mueller, Niklas Wang, Tianyi Katz, Or Davoudi, Zohreh Cetina, Marko |
| author_facet | Mueller, Niklas Wang, Tianyi Katz, Or Davoudi, Zohreh Cetina, Marko |
| contents | Simulating non-equilibrium phenomena in strongly-interacting quantum many-body systems, including thermalization, is a promising application of near-term and future quantum computation. By performing experiments on a digital quantum computer consisting of fully-connected optically-controlled trapped ions, we study the role of entanglement in the thermalization dynamics of a $Z_2$ lattice gauge theory in 2+1 spacetime dimensions. Using randomized-measurement protocols, we efficiently learn a classical approximation of non-equilibrium states that yields the gap-ratio distribution and the spectral form factor of the entanglement Hamiltonian. These observables exhibit universal early-time signals for quantum chaos, a prerequisite for thermalization. Our work, therefore, establishes quantum computers as robust tools for studying universal features of thermalization in complex many-body systems, including in gauge theories. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_00069 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum Computing Universal Thermalization Dynamics in a (2+1)D Lattice Gauge Theory Mueller, Niklas Wang, Tianyi Katz, Or Davoudi, Zohreh Cetina, Marko Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Lattice High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Nuclear Theory Simulating non-equilibrium phenomena in strongly-interacting quantum many-body systems, including thermalization, is a promising application of near-term and future quantum computation. By performing experiments on a digital quantum computer consisting of fully-connected optically-controlled trapped ions, we study the role of entanglement in the thermalization dynamics of a $Z_2$ lattice gauge theory in 2+1 spacetime dimensions. Using randomized-measurement protocols, we efficiently learn a classical approximation of non-equilibrium states that yields the gap-ratio distribution and the spectral form factor of the entanglement Hamiltonian. These observables exhibit universal early-time signals for quantum chaos, a prerequisite for thermalization. Our work, therefore, establishes quantum computers as robust tools for studying universal features of thermalization in complex many-body systems, including in gauge theories. |
| title | Quantum Computing Universal Thermalization Dynamics in a (2+1)D Lattice Gauge Theory |
| topic | Quantum Physics High Energy Physics - Lattice High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Nuclear Theory |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.00069 |