Investigating the hyperfine systematic error and relative phase in low spin-polarization alkali FID magnetometers
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arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2024
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| _version_ | 1866915196850667520 |
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| author | Hewatt, D. P. Ellmeier, M. Kiehl, C. Menon, T. S. Pollock, J. W. Regal, C. A. Knappe, S. |
| author_facet | Hewatt, D. P. Ellmeier, M. Kiehl, C. Menon, T. S. Pollock, J. W. Regal, C. A. Knappe, S. |
| contents | Alkali-metal optically-pumped magnetometers are prone to inaccuracies arising from the overlap of the average F = I + 1/2 and F = I - 1/2 ground-state Zeeman resonances. We employ density-matrix simulations and experiments to investigate how this hyperfine systematic error varies with spin polarization in a $^{87}$Rb free-induction-decay (FID) magnetometer. At low spin polarizations, ($P \leq 0.5$), this effect causes single-frequency magnetic-field extraction techniques to exhibit inaccuracies up to approximately 3.5 nT. Density-matrix simulations reveal that this bias can be traced to the relative amplitude and phase between the F = I $\pm$ 1/2 hyperfine ground-state manifolds in the FID spin precession signal. We show that this systematic error can be mitigated using either a double-frequency fitting model that accounts for the relative amplitude and phase or synchronous-pulse pumping, that minimizes the F = 1 contribution to the FID signal. Theoretical simulations predict accuracies within 0.5 nT for both techniques across a wide range of spin polarizations, suggesting a sevenfold enhancement over single-frequency extraction methods. Our experiments validate this, showcasing a variation in the extracted field below 1 nT, a 3.5-fold improvement compared to single-frequency extraction methods. Furthermore, the mitigation techniques demonstrate agreement of the extracted magnetic field within 1.5 nT. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_00898 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Investigating the hyperfine systematic error and relative phase in low spin-polarization alkali FID magnetometers Hewatt, D. P. Ellmeier, M. Kiehl, C. Menon, T. S. Pollock, J. W. Regal, C. A. Knappe, S. Atomic Physics Alkali-metal optically-pumped magnetometers are prone to inaccuracies arising from the overlap of the average F = I + 1/2 and F = I - 1/2 ground-state Zeeman resonances. We employ density-matrix simulations and experiments to investigate how this hyperfine systematic error varies with spin polarization in a $^{87}$Rb free-induction-decay (FID) magnetometer. At low spin polarizations, ($P \leq 0.5$), this effect causes single-frequency magnetic-field extraction techniques to exhibit inaccuracies up to approximately 3.5 nT. Density-matrix simulations reveal that this bias can be traced to the relative amplitude and phase between the F = I $\pm$ 1/2 hyperfine ground-state manifolds in the FID spin precession signal. We show that this systematic error can be mitigated using either a double-frequency fitting model that accounts for the relative amplitude and phase or synchronous-pulse pumping, that minimizes the F = 1 contribution to the FID signal. Theoretical simulations predict accuracies within 0.5 nT for both techniques across a wide range of spin polarizations, suggesting a sevenfold enhancement over single-frequency extraction methods. Our experiments validate this, showcasing a variation in the extracted field below 1 nT, a 3.5-fold improvement compared to single-frequency extraction methods. Furthermore, the mitigation techniques demonstrate agreement of the extracted magnetic field within 1.5 nT. |
| title | Investigating the hyperfine systematic error and relative phase in low spin-polarization alkali FID magnetometers |
| topic | Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.00898 |