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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.01282 |
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| _version_ | 1866917739915902976 |
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| author | Song, B. Q. Smith, J. D. H. Yao, Y. X. Wang, J. |
| author_facet | Song, B. Q. Smith, J. D. H. Yao, Y. X. Wang, J. |
| contents | Conventionally, pumping relies on energetic resonance: energy quanta ${\hbar}ω$ matches the gap $Δ$. Under linear approximation, this is known as the Fermi golden rule (FGR). However, this principle becomes challenging to apply in the "0/0" limit, where $ω,Δ{\rightarrow}0$ simultaneously. In "0/0" scenarios, such as topological phase transition (TPT), a type-II pumping, geometric pumping (GP), is recognized subject to geometric rules, distinguished from type-I dictated by FGR. Type-I features an "arrow of energy", sending particles higher in energy, reflected by FGR's dependence on Fermi distribution $f_v-f_c$ (probabilities of valence and conduction bands). While GP is non-directional, its probability relies on $f_v+f_c-2f_v f_c$ instead, a key signature for detection. In this work, we address: (1) the concept of GP; (2) its features of fractionality, irreversibility, and dependence on TPT; (3) experimental detection with ultra-fast spectrum in coherent phonon driving of ZrTe$_5$. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_01282 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Type-II pumping beyond resonance principle: From energetic to geometric rules Song, B. Q. Smith, J. D. H. Yao, Y. X. Wang, J. Quantum Physics Conventionally, pumping relies on energetic resonance: energy quanta ${\hbar}ω$ matches the gap $Δ$. Under linear approximation, this is known as the Fermi golden rule (FGR). However, this principle becomes challenging to apply in the "0/0" limit, where $ω,Δ{\rightarrow}0$ simultaneously. In "0/0" scenarios, such as topological phase transition (TPT), a type-II pumping, geometric pumping (GP), is recognized subject to geometric rules, distinguished from type-I dictated by FGR. Type-I features an "arrow of energy", sending particles higher in energy, reflected by FGR's dependence on Fermi distribution $f_v-f_c$ (probabilities of valence and conduction bands). While GP is non-directional, its probability relies on $f_v+f_c-2f_v f_c$ instead, a key signature for detection. In this work, we address: (1) the concept of GP; (2) its features of fractionality, irreversibility, and dependence on TPT; (3) experimental detection with ultra-fast spectrum in coherent phonon driving of ZrTe$_5$. |
| title | Type-II pumping beyond resonance principle: From energetic to geometric rules |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.01282 |