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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2024
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.07761 |
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| _version_ | 1866909287552385024 |
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| author | Shakespeare, Cody J. Li, Min Huang, Shichun Zhu, Zhaohuan Steffen, Jason H. |
| author_facet | Shakespeare, Cody J. Li, Min Huang, Shichun Zhu, Zhaohuan Steffen, Jason H. |
| contents | The initial stellar carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio can have a large impact on the resulting condensed species present in the protoplanetary disk and, hence, the composition of the bodies and planets that form. The observed C/O ratios of stars can vary from 0.1-2. We use a sequential dust condensation model to examine the impact of the C/O ratio on the composition of solids around a Solar-like star. We utilize this model in a focused examination of the impact of varying the initial stellar C/O ratio to isolate the effects of the C/O ratio in the context of Solar-like stars. We describe three different system types in our findings. The Solar system falls into the silicate-dominant, low C/O ratio systems which end at a stellar C/O ratio somewhere between 0.52 and 0.6. At C/O ratios between about 0.6 and 0.9, we have intermediate systems. Intermediate systems show a decrease in silicates while carbides begin to become significant. Carbide-dominant systems begin around a C/O ratio of 0.9. Carbide-dominant systems exhibit high carbide surface densities at inner radii with comparable levels of carbides and silicates at outer radii. Our models show that changes between C/O=0.8 and C/O=1 are more significant than previous studies, that carbon can exceed 80% of the condensed mass, and that carbon condensation can be significant at radii up to 6 AU. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_07761 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The effects of the carbon-to-oxygen ratio on the condensate compositions around Solar-like stars Shakespeare, Cody J. Li, Min Huang, Shichun Zhu, Zhaohuan Steffen, Jason H. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics The initial stellar carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio can have a large impact on the resulting condensed species present in the protoplanetary disk and, hence, the composition of the bodies and planets that form. The observed C/O ratios of stars can vary from 0.1-2. We use a sequential dust condensation model to examine the impact of the C/O ratio on the composition of solids around a Solar-like star. We utilize this model in a focused examination of the impact of varying the initial stellar C/O ratio to isolate the effects of the C/O ratio in the context of Solar-like stars. We describe three different system types in our findings. The Solar system falls into the silicate-dominant, low C/O ratio systems which end at a stellar C/O ratio somewhere between 0.52 and 0.6. At C/O ratios between about 0.6 and 0.9, we have intermediate systems. Intermediate systems show a decrease in silicates while carbides begin to become significant. Carbide-dominant systems begin around a C/O ratio of 0.9. Carbide-dominant systems exhibit high carbide surface densities at inner radii with comparable levels of carbides and silicates at outer radii. Our models show that changes between C/O=0.8 and C/O=1 are more significant than previous studies, that carbon can exceed 80% of the condensed mass, and that carbon condensation can be significant at radii up to 6 AU. |
| title | The effects of the carbon-to-oxygen ratio on the condensate compositions around Solar-like stars |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.07761 |