Eliminating Surface Oxides of Superconducting Circuits with Noble Metal Encapsulation
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arXiv
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2024
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| author | Chang, Ray D. Shumiya, Nana McLellan, Russell A. Zhang, Yifan Bland, Matthew P. Bahrami, Faranak Mun, Junsik Zhou, Chenyu Kisslinger, Kim Cheng, Guangming Pakpour-Tabrizi, Alexander C. Yao, Nan Zhu, Yimei Liu, Mingzhao Cava, Robert J. Gopalakrishnan, Sarang Houck, Andrew A. de Leon, Nathalie P. |
| author_facet | Chang, Ray D. Shumiya, Nana McLellan, Russell A. Zhang, Yifan Bland, Matthew P. Bahrami, Faranak Mun, Junsik Zhou, Chenyu Kisslinger, Kim Cheng, Guangming Pakpour-Tabrizi, Alexander C. Yao, Nan Zhu, Yimei Liu, Mingzhao Cava, Robert J. Gopalakrishnan, Sarang Houck, Andrew A. de Leon, Nathalie P. |
| contents | The lifetime of superconducting qubits is limited by dielectric loss, and a major source of dielectric loss is the native oxide present at the surface of the superconducting metal. Specifically, tantalum-based superconducting qubits have been demonstrated with record lifetimes, but a major source of loss is the presence of two-level systems (TLSs) in the surface tantalum oxide. Here, we demonstrate a strategy for avoiding oxide formation by encapsulating the tantalum with noble metals that do not form native oxide. By depositing a few nanometers of Au or AuPd alloy before breaking vacuum, we completely suppress tantalum oxide formation. Microwave loss measurements of superconducting resonators reveal that the noble metal is proximitized, with a superconducting gap over 80% of the bare tantalum at thicknesses where the oxide is fully suppressed. We find that losses in resonators fabricated by subtractive etching are dominated by oxides on the sidewalls, suggesting total surface encapsulation by additive fabrication as a promising strategy for eliminating surface oxide TLS loss in superconducting qubits. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2408_13051 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Eliminating Surface Oxides of Superconducting Circuits with Noble Metal Encapsulation Chang, Ray D. Shumiya, Nana McLellan, Russell A. Zhang, Yifan Bland, Matthew P. Bahrami, Faranak Mun, Junsik Zhou, Chenyu Kisslinger, Kim Cheng, Guangming Pakpour-Tabrizi, Alexander C. Yao, Nan Zhu, Yimei Liu, Mingzhao Cava, Robert J. Gopalakrishnan, Sarang Houck, Andrew A. de Leon, Nathalie P. Superconductivity Materials Science Quantum Physics The lifetime of superconducting qubits is limited by dielectric loss, and a major source of dielectric loss is the native oxide present at the surface of the superconducting metal. Specifically, tantalum-based superconducting qubits have been demonstrated with record lifetimes, but a major source of loss is the presence of two-level systems (TLSs) in the surface tantalum oxide. Here, we demonstrate a strategy for avoiding oxide formation by encapsulating the tantalum with noble metals that do not form native oxide. By depositing a few nanometers of Au or AuPd alloy before breaking vacuum, we completely suppress tantalum oxide formation. Microwave loss measurements of superconducting resonators reveal that the noble metal is proximitized, with a superconducting gap over 80% of the bare tantalum at thicknesses where the oxide is fully suppressed. We find that losses in resonators fabricated by subtractive etching are dominated by oxides on the sidewalls, suggesting total surface encapsulation by additive fabrication as a promising strategy for eliminating surface oxide TLS loss in superconducting qubits. |
| title | Eliminating Surface Oxides of Superconducting Circuits with Noble Metal Encapsulation |
| topic | Superconductivity Materials Science Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.13051 |